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The efficiency of parameter estimation of quantum channels is studied in this paper. We introduce the concept of programmable parameters to the theory of estimation. It is found that programmable parameters obey the standard quantum limit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-17 Zhengfeng Ji , Guoming Wang , Runyao Duan , Yuan Feng , Mingsheng Ying

The simplest building blocks for quantum computations are the qubit-qubit quantum channels. In this paper, we analyze the structure of these channels via their Choi representation. The restriction of a quantum channel to the space of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-07-24 Attila Lovas , Attila Andai

In this review we discuss how channel simulation can be used to simplify the most general protocols of quantum parameter estimation, where unlimited entanglement and adaptive joint operations may be employed. Whenever the unknown parameter…

We propose a new method to extend the size of a quantum computation beyond the number of physical qubits available on a single device. This is accomplished by randomly inserting measure-and-prepare channels to express the output state of a…

We estimate the success probability of quantum protocols composed of Clifford operations in the presence of Pauli errors. Our method is derived from the fault-point formalism previously used to determine the success rate of low-distance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-26 Smitha Janardan , Yu Tomita , Mauricio Gutierrez , Kenneth R. Brown

Quantum optimization algorithms are inherently probabilistic, yet they are most often used to search for a single high-quality solution. In this paper, we instead study hypergraph partitioning problems in which the desired output is itself…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Cameron Ibrahim , Bao G. Bach , Jad Salem , Reuben Tate , Kien X. Nguyen , Stephan Eidenbenz , Ilya Safro

Here, we study the problem of decoding information transmitted through unknown quantum states. We assume that Alice encodes an alphabet into a set of orthogonal quantum states, which are then transmitted to Bob. However, the quantum channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 D. Concha , L. Pereira , L. Zambrano , A. Delgado

Time-varying quantum channels are essential for modeling realistic quantum systems with evolving noise properties. Here, we consider Gaussian lossy channels varying from one use to another and we employ neural networks to classify, regress,…

Quantum neural networks are expected to be a promising application in near-term quantum computing, but face challenges such as vanishing gradients during optimization and limited expressibility by a limited number of qubits and shallow…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Yoshiaki Kawase

The problem of learning Boolean linear functions from quantum examples w.r.t. the uniform distribution can be solved on a quantum computer using the Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm. A similar strategy can be applied in the case of noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-22 Matthias C. Caro

We show an essentially tight bound on the number of adaptively chosen statistical queries that a computationally efficient algorithm can answer accurately given $n$ samples from an unknown distribution. A statistical query asks for the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-02-23 Thomas Steinke , Jonathan Ullman

A crucial insight for practical quantum error correction is that different types of errors, such as single-qubit Pauli operators, typically occur with different probabilities. Finding an optimal quantum code under such biased noise is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Junyu Fan , Matthew Steinberg , Alexander Jahn , Chunjun Cao , Sebastian Feld

To successfully perform quantum computations, it is often necessary to first accurately characterize the noise in the underlying hardware. However, it is well known that fundamental limitations prevent the unique identification of the…

Incorporating sample efficiency, by requiring the number of states consumed by broadcasting does not exceed that of a naive prepare-and-distribute strategy, gives rise to the no practical quantum broadcasting theorem. To navigate this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Ximing Wang , Yunlong Xiao

The quantum theory (QT) and new stochastic approaches have no deterministic prediction for a single measurement or for a single time -series of events observed for a trapped ion, electron or any other individual physical system. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-04 Marian Kupczynski

The Bayesian inverse of a quantum channel $\mathcal{E}$ is a channel $\mathcal{F}$ in the reverse direction of $\mathcal{E}$ that yields time-symmetric correlations for sequential measurements performed on open quantum systems. Such an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Ouyang Ting , James Fullwood , Zhen Wu

Quantum measurements with feed-forward are crucial components of fault-tolerant quantum computers. We show how the error rate of such a measurement can be directly estimated by fitting the probability that successive randomly compiled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Darian McLaren , Matthew A. Graydon , Ali Assem Mahmoud , Joel J. Wallman

Recent advances have demonstrated that $\mathcal{O}(\log M)$ measurements suffice to predict $M$ properties of arbitrarily large quantum many-body systems. However, these remarkable findings assume that the properties to be predicted are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Jerry Huang , Laura Lewis , Hsin-Yuan Huang , John Preskill

Quantum computing promises to speed up some of the most challenging problems in science and engineering. Quantum algorithms have been proposed showing theoretical advantages in applications ranging from chemistry to logistics optimization.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-12 Niklas Heim , Atiyo Ghosh , Oleksandr Kyriienko , Vincent E. Elfving

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) are promising tools for demonstrating quantum utility on near-term quantum hardware, with applications in optimisation, quantum simulation, and machine learning. While researchers have studied how easy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Connor van Rossum , Sally Shrapnel , Riddhi Gupta