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In this work we derive a second-order approach to bilevel optimization, a type of mathematical programming in which the solution to a parameterized optimization problem (the "lower" problem) is itself to be optimized (in the "upper"…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-06 Robert Dyro , Edward Schmerling , Nikos Arechiga , Marco Pavone

This paper studies the joint optimization of edge node activation and resource pricing in edge computing, where an edge computing platform provides heterogeneous resources to accommodate multiple services with diverse preferences. We cast…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Duong Thuy Anh Nguyen , Tarannum Nisha , Ni Trieu , Duong Tung Nguyen

Bilevel optimization is a central tool in machine learning for high-dimensional hyperparameter tuning. Its applications are vast; for instance, in imaging it can be used for learning data-adaptive regularizers and optimizing forward…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Mohammad Sadegh Salehi , Subhadip Mukherjee , Lindon Roberts , Matthias J. Ehrhardt

In this paper, we present difference of convex algorithms for solving bilevel programs in which the upper level objective functions are difference of convex functions, and the lower level programs are fully convex. This nontrivial class of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Jane J. Ye , Xiaoming Yuan , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

A standard approach to solving optimistic bilevel linear programs (BLPs) is to replace the lower-level problem with its Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions and reformulate the resulting complementarity constraints using auxiliary…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Sergey S. Ketkov , Oleg A. Prokopyev

Interest in bilevel optimization has grown in recent years, partially due to its applications to tackle challenging machine-learning problems. Several exciting recent works have been centered around developing efficient gradient-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Liuyuan Jiang , Quan Xiao , Victor M. Tenorio , Fernando Real-Rojas , Antonio G. Marques , Tianyi Chen

We consider a bilevel continuous knapsack problem where the leader controls the capacity of the knapsack and the follower chooses an optimal packing according to his own profits, which may differ from those of the leader. To this bilevel…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Christoph Buchheim , Dorothee Henke

Bilevel optimization has been developed for many machine learning tasks with large-scale and high-dimensional data. This paper considers a constrained bilevel optimization problem, where the lower-level optimization problem is convex with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Siyuan Xu , Minghui Zhu

We investigate relaxations for a class of discrete bilevel programs where the interaction constraints linking the leader and the follower are linear. Our approach reformulates the upper-level optimality constraints by projecting the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-26 Leonardo Lozano , David Bergman , Andre Augusto Cire

Inverse problems occur in a variety of parameter identification tasks in engineering. Such problems are challenging in practice, as they require repeated evaluation of computationally expensive forward models. We introduce a unifying…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-05-02 Simon Weissmann , Ashia Wilson , Jakob Zech

Bipartite b-matching, where agents on one side of a market are matched to one or more agents or items on the other, is a classical model that is used in myriad application areas such as healthcare, advertising, education, and general…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Saba Ahmadi , Faez Ahmed , John P. Dickerson , Mark Fuge , Samir Khuller

The goal of coreset selection in supervised learning is to produce a weighted subset of data, so that training only on the subset achieves similar performance as training on the entire dataset. Existing methods achieved promising results in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Xiao Zhou , Renjie Pi , Weizhong Zhang , Yong Lin , Tong Zhang

Multilevel programming is the standard framework for modeling hierarchical decision-making. In this paper, we characterize the computational complexity of deciding the existence of feasible and optimal solutions, as well as computing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Nagisa Sugishita , Margarida Carvalho

This paper studies simple bilevel problems, where a convex upper-level function is minimized over the optimal solutions of a convex lower-level problem. We first show the fundamental difficulty of simple bilevel problems, that the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Huaqing Zhang , Lesi Chen , Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

In this work we propose an improvement of the $x$-space algorithm developed for solving a class of min--max bilevel optimization problems (Tang Y., Richard J.P.P., Smith J.C. (2016), A class of algorithms for mixed-integer bilevel min--max…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-19 Kübra Tanınmış , Necati Aras , İ. Kuban Altınel

Many decision-making problems in engineering applications such as transportation, power system and operations research require repeatedly solving large-scale linear programming problems with a large number of different inputs. For example,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-06-11 Yize Chen , Baosen Zhang

In this paper, we study a class of bilevel optimization program (BP), where the feasible set of the lower level program is independent of the upper level variable. For bilevel programs it is known that the first order approach requires the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-27 Kuang Bai , Wei Yao , Jane J. Ye , Jin Zhang

In this paper, we present experimental algorithms for solving the dualization problem. We present the results of extensive experimentation comparing the execution time of various algorithms.

In this work, several multilevel decoupled algorithms are proposed for a mixed Navier-Stokes/Darcy model. These algorithms are based on either successively or parallelly solving two linear subdomain problems after solving a coupled…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-02-28 Mingchao Cai , Peiqi Huang , Mo Mu

This review discusses methods for learning parameters for image reconstruction problems using bilevel formulations. Image reconstruction typically involves optimizing a cost function to recover a vector of unknown variables that agrees with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-16 Caroline Crockett , Jeffrey A. Fessler