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Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two parties to establish a secret key over a potentially hostile channel by exchanging photonic quantum states, relying on the fact that it is impossible for an eavesdropper to tap the quantum channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Jacob Mower , F. N. C. Wong , Jeff H. Shapiro , Dirk Englund

In this paper, we consider quantum key distribution (QKD) in a quantum network with both quantum repeaters and a small number of trusted nodes. In contrast to current QKD networks with only trusted nodes and the true Quantum Internet with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec , Victoria U. Manfredi , Bing Wang

The decoy-state method has been developed rapidly in quantum key distribution (QKD) since it is immune to photon-number splitting attacks. However, two basis detector efficiency asymmetry, which exists in realistic scenarios, has been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Hui Liu , Zong-Wen Yu , Mi Zou , Yan-Lin Tang , Yong Zhao , Jun Zhang , Xiang-Bin Wang , Teng-Yun Chen , Jian-Wei Pan

The intense research activity on Twin-Field (TF) quantum key distribution (QKD) is motivated by the fact that two users can establish a secret key by relying on single-photon interference in an untrusted node. Thanks to this feature,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-28 Federico Grasselli , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Device-independent quantum key distribution (QKD) can permit the superior security even with unknown devices. In practice, however, the realization of device-independent QKD is technically challenging because of its low noise tolerance. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-22 Feihu Xu , Yu-Zhe Zhang , Qiang Zhang , Jian-Wei Pan

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to share encryption keys with information-theoretic security guaranteed by physical laws. Side-channel-secure QKD (SCS-QKD) has attracted considerable attention because it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Yang Zhou , Jing-Yang Liu , Chun-Hui Zhang , Chun-Wang Yi , Teng-Wen Jiang , Le-Chen Xu , Qin Wang

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a cutting-edge communication method that enables secure communication between two parties. Continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) is a promising approach to QKD that has several advantages over traditional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Andres Ruiz-Chamorro , Daniel Cano , Aida Garcia-Callejo , Veronica Fernandez

A semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol allows two users, one of whom is restricted in their quantum capabilities, to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary. In this paper, we design a new SQKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-29 Hasan Iqbal , Walter O. Krawec

We present security proofs for a protocol for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) based on encoding in finite high-dimensional Hilbert spaces. This protocol is an extension of Bennett's and Brassard's basic protocol from two bases, two state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Mohamed Bourennane , Anders Karlsson , Gunnar Bjork , Nicolas Gisin , Nicolas Cerf

We present two new schemes for quantum key distribution (QKD) that neither require entanglement nor an ideal single-photon source, making them implementable with commercially available single-photon sources. These protocols are shown to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Arindam Dutta , Anirban Pathak

We propose a satellite-based Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) network that enables global-scale, end-to-end secure key exchange without relying on trusted intermediate nodes. The network is formed by a ring constellation of satellites that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Sumit Chaudhary , Baqir Kazmi , Janis Nötzel

We propose an improved two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) protocol by adding proper random noise on the receiver's homodyne detection, the security of which is analysed against general collective attacks. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-07 Maozhu Sun , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

In the evolving landscape of quantum technology, the increasing prominence of quantum computing poses a significant threat to the security of conventional public key infrastructure. Quantum key distribution (QKD), an established quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Kaiwei Qiu , Jing Yan Haw , Hao Qin , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Michael Kasper , Alexander Ling

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide fundamentally proven security for secure communication. Toward application, the secret key rate (SKR) is a key figure of merit for any QKD system. So far, the SKR has been limited to about a few…

The performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) is severely limited by multiphoton emissions, due to the photon-number-splitting attack. The most efficient solution, the decoy-state method, requires that the phases of all transmitted…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a crucial component for truly secure communication, which enables to analyze leakage of information due to eavesdropper attacks. While impressive progress was made in the field of long-distance…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is revolutionizing cryptography by promising information-theoretic security through the immutable laws of quantum mechanics. Yet, the challenge of transforming these idealized security models into practical,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

We propose a simple quantum-key-distribution (QKD) scheme for practical single photon sources (SPSs), which works even with a moderate suppression of the second-order correlation $g^{(2)}$ of the source. The scheme utilizes a passive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Yoritoshi Adachi , Takashi Yamamoto , Masato Koashi , Nobuyuki Imoto

We report an implementation over free space medium of a two way four states quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol namely the LM05. The fully automated setup demonstrated a secure key generation rate of 3.54 kbits per second and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-02 M. F. Abdul Khir , M. N. Mohd Zain , Suryadi , S. Saharudin , S. Shaari

We present a stable and deterministic quantum key distribution (QKD) system based on differential phase shift. With three cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers with different arm-length differences for creating key, its key creation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-17 Bao-Kui Zhao , Yu-Bo Sheng , Fu-Guo Deng , Feng-Shou Zhang , Hong-Yu Zhou
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