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A crucial assumption to reduce computational complexity in spatial-temporal data analysis is separability, which factors the covariance structure into a purely spatial and a purely temporal component. In this paper, we develop statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Lujia Bai , Holger Dette , Zihao Yuan

In many computer vision tasks, for example saliency prediction or semantic segmentation, the desired output is a foreground map that predicts pixels where some criteria is satisfied. Despite the inherently spatial nature of this task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Nicholas Kolkin , Gregory Shakhnarovich , Eli Shechtman

High-order (non-linear) functionals have become very popular in segmentation, stereo and other computer vision problems. Level sets is a well established general gradient descent framework, which is directly applicable to optimization of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Lena Gorelick , Ismail BenAyed , Frank R. Schmidt , Yuri Boykov

3D volume segmentation is a fundamental task in many scientific and medical applications. Producing accurate segmentations efficiently is challenging, in part due to low imaging data quality (e.g., noise and low image resolution) and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Anahita Sanandaji , Cindy Grimm , Ruth West , Max Parola , Meghan Kajihara , Kathryn Hays , Luke Hillard , Brandon Lane , Molly Beyer

We assume a spatial blind source separation model in which the observed multivariate spatial data is a linear mixture of latent spatially uncorrelated Gaussian random fields containing a number of pure white noise components. We propose a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Christoph Muehlmann , François Bachoc , Klaus Nordhausen , Mengxi Yi

Most existing methods for training-free open-vocabulary semantic segmentation are based on CLIP. While these approaches have made progress, they often face challenges in precise localization or require complex pipelines to combine separate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Kaiyu Li , Shengqi Zhang , Yujie Wang , Yupeng Deng , Zhi Wang , Deyu Meng , Xiangyong Cao

The widespread adoption of autonomous systems such as drones and assistant robots has created a need for real-time high-quality semantic scene segmentation. In this paper, we propose an efficient yet robust technique for on-the-fly dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Quang-Hieu Pham , Binh-Son Hua , Duc Thanh Nguyen , Sai-Kit Yeung

Remotely sensed, spatially continuous and high spatiotemporal resolution (hereafter referred to as high resolution) land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter for studying the thermal environment and has important applications in…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-02-23 Penghai Wu , Zhixiang Yin , Chao Zeng , Sibo Duan , Frank-Michael Gottsche , Xiaoshaung Ma , Xinghua Li , Hui Yang , Huanfeng Shen

Recorded videos from surgeries have become an increasingly important information source for the field of medical endoscopy, since the recorded footage shows every single detail of the surgery. However, while video recording is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Sabrina Kletz , Klaus Schoeffmann , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Heinrich Husslein

Existing methods for instance segmentation in videos typically involve multi-stage pipelines that follow the tracking-by-detection paradigm and model a video clip as a sequence of images. Multiple networks are used to detect objects in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Ali Athar , Sabarinath Mahadevan , Aljoša Ošep , Laura Leal-Taixé , Bastian Leibe

We propose a new problem called audio-visual segmentation (AVS), in which the goal is to output a pixel-level map of the object(s) that produce sound at the time of the image frame. To facilitate this research, we construct the first…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Jinxing Zhou , Xuyang Shen , Jianyuan Wang , Jiayi Zhang , Weixuan Sun , Jing Zhang , Stan Birchfield , Dan Guo , Lingpeng Kong , Meng Wang , Yiran Zhong

Humans naturally possess the spatial reasoning ability to form and manipulate images and structures of objects in space. There is an increasing effort to endow Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with similar spatial reasoning capabilities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiahuan Zhang , Shunwen Bai , Tianheng Wang , Kaiwen Guo , Kai Han , Guozheng Rao , Kaicheng Yu

Recognizing the sounding objects in scenes is a longstanding objective in embodied AI, with diverse applications in robotics and AR/VR/MR. To that end, Audio-Visual Segmentation (AVS), taking as condition an audio signal to identify the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Artem Sokolov , Swapnil Bhosale , Xiatian Zhu

It is usually hard for a learning system to predict correctly on rare events that never occur in the training data, and there is no exception for segmentation algorithms. Meanwhile, manual inspection of each case to locate the failures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-22 Fengze Liu , Yingda Xia , Dong Yang , Alan Yuille , Daguang Xu

The practical deployment of Audio-Visual Speech Recognition (AVSR) systems is fundamentally challenged by significant performance degradation in real-world environments, characterized by unpredictable acoustic noise and visual interference.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-17 Sungnyun Kim

Spatial understanding is a critical capability for vision foundation models. While recent advances in large vision models or vision-language models (VLMs) have expanded recognition capabilities, most benchmarks emphasize localization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Vahid Mirjalili , Ramin Giahi , Sriram Kollipara , Akshay Kekuda , Kehui Yao , Kai Zhao , Jianpeng Xu , Kaushiki Nag , Sinduja Subramaniam , Topojoy Biswas , Evren Korpeoglu , Kannan Achan

Topological correctness is critical for segmentation of tubular structures, which pervade in biomedical images. Existing topological segmentation loss functions are primarily based on the persistent homology of the image. They match the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Bo Wen , Haochen Zhang , Dirk-Uwe G. Bartsch , William R. Freeman , Truong Q. Nguyen , Cheolhong An

Vision language models (VLMs) have shown significant promise in visual grounding for images as well as videos. In medical imaging research, VLMs represent a bridge between object detection and segmentation, and report understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Andrew Seohwan Yu , Mohsen Hariri , Kunio Nakamura , Mingrui Yang , Xiaojuan Li , Vipin Chaudhary

Spatial audio signal enhancement aims to reduce interfering source contributions while preserving the desired sound field with its spatial cues. Existing methods generally rely on impractical assumptions (e.g. accurate estimations of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Huawei Zhang , Jihui Zhang , Huiyuan Sun , Prasanga Samarasinghe

Modern 3D semantic scene graph estimation methods utilize ground truth 3D annotations to accurately predict target objects, predicates, and relationships. In the absence of given 3D ground truth representations, we explore leveraging only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Qi Xun Yeo , Yanyan Li , Gim Hee Lee