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Neural network training tends to exploit the simplest features as shortcuts to greedily minimize training loss. However, some of these features might be spuriously correlated with the target labels, leading to incorrect predictions by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shahin Hakemi , Naveed Akhtar , Ghulam Mubashar Hassan , Ajmal Mian

Neural Linear Models (NLM) are deep Bayesian models that produce predictive uncertainties by learning features from the data and then performing Bayesian linear regression over these features. Despite their popularity, few works have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-17 Sujay Thakur , Cooper Lorsung , Yaniv Yacoby , Finale Doshi-Velez , Weiwei Pan

Current methods for detecting spurious correlations rely on analyzing dataset statistics or error patterns, leaving many harmful shortcuts invisible when counterexamples are absent. We introduce BEE (Bridging Explainability and Embeddings),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Cristian Daniel Păduraru , Antonio Bărbălau , Radu Filipescu , Andrei Liviu Nicolicioiu , Elena Burceanu

Out-of-distribution generalization of machine learning models remains challenging since the models are inherently bound to the training data distribution. This especially manifests, when the learned models rely on spurious correlations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Martin Surner , Abdelmajid Khelil , Ludwig Bothmann

In order to adhere to regulatory standards governing individual data privacy and safety, machine learning models must systematically eliminate information derived from specific subsets of a user's training data that can no longer be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Subhodip Panda , Shashwat Sourav , Prathosh A. P

Deep neural networks are powerful, massively parameterized machine learning models that have been shown to perform well in supervised learning tasks. However, very large amounts of labeled data are usually needed to train deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Hanchen Xie , Mohamed E. Hussein , Aram Galstyan , Wael Abd-Almageed

The unauthorized use of personal data in model training has emerged as a growing privacy threat. Unlearnable examples (UEs) address this issue by embedding imperceptible perturbations into benign examples to obstruct feature learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Bo Wang , Jia Ni , Mengnan Zhao , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Neural NLP models tend to rely on spurious correlations between labels and input features to perform their tasks. Minority examples, i.e., examples that contradict the spurious correlations present in the majority of data points, have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Yadollah Yaghoobzadeh , Soroush Mehri , Remi Tachet , T. J. Hazen , Alessandro Sordoni

Concept drift detection is a crucial task in data stream evolving environments. Most of state of the art approaches designed to tackle this problem monitor the loss of predictive models. However, this approach falls short in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Vitor Cerqueira , Heitor Murilo Gomes , Albert Bifet , Luis Torgo

To enhance group robustness to spurious correlations, prior work often relies on auxiliary group annotations and assumes identical sets of groups across training and test domains. To overcome these limitations, we propose to leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Chenruo Liu , Hongjun Liu , Zeyu Lai , Yiqiu Shen , Chen Zhao , Qi Lei

Conventional supervised learning methods are often vulnerable to spurious correlations, particularly under distribution shifts in test data. To address this issue, several approaches, most notably Group DRO, have been developed. While these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sung Ho Jo , Seonghwi Kim , Minwoo Chae

Safeguarding data from unauthorized exploitation is vital for privacy and security, especially in recent rampant research in security breach such as adversarial/membership attacks. To this end, \textit{unlearnable examples} (UEs) have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Wan Jiang , Yunfeng Diao , He Wang , Jianxin Sun , Meng Wang , Richang Hong

Calibration of neural networks is a topical problem that is becoming more and more important as neural networks increasingly underpin real-world applications. The problem is especially noticeable when using modern neural networks, for which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Ondrej Bohdal , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Most existing unlearnable strategies focus on preventing unauthorized users from training single-task learning (STL) models with personal data. Nevertheless, the paradigm has recently shifted towards multi-task data and multi-task learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Yi Yu , Song Xia , Siyuan Yang , Chenqi Kong , Wenhan Yang , Shijian Lu , Yap-Peng Tan , Alex C. Kot

We consider a problem of learning a binary classifier only from positive data and unlabeled data (PU learning) and estimating the class-prior in unlabeled data under the case-control scenario. Most of the recent methods of PU learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Masahiro Kato , Liyuan Xu , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Deep neural networks often rely on spurious features to make predictions, which makes them brittle under distribution shift and on samples where the spurious correlation does not hold (e.g., minority-group examples). Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Aryan Yazdan Parast , Khawar Islam , Soyoun Won , Basim Azam , Naveed Akhtar

Ensemble knowledge distillation can extract knowledge from multiple teacher models and encode it into a single student model. Many existing methods learn and distill the student model on labeled data only. However, the teacher models are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Yongfeng Huang

Federated Learning is a promising paradigm for privacy-preserving collaborative model training. In practice, it is essential not only to continuously train the model to acquire new knowledge but also to guarantee old knowledge the right to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Zhengyi Zhong , Weidong Bao , Ji Wang , Shuai Zhang , Jingxuan Zhou , Lingjuan Lyu , Wei Yang Bryan Lim

The amount of manually labeled data is limited in medical applications, so semi-supervised learning and automatic labeling strategies can be an asset for training deep neural networks. However, the quality of the automatically generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Wenhui Cui , Haleh Akrami , Anand A. Joshi , Richard M. Leahy

Unlearnable examples are proposed to prevent third parties from exploiting unauthorized data, which generates unlearnable examples by adding imperceptible perturbations to public publishing data. These unlearnable examples proficiently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Pucheng Dang , Xing Hu , Kaidi Xu , Jinhao Duan , Di Huang , Husheng Han , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du