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We demonstrate that it is possible to construct operators that stabilize the constraint-satisfying subspaces of computational problems in their Ising representations. We provide an explicit recipe to construct unitaries and associated…

Quantum states can quickly decohere through interaction with the environment. Quantum error correction is a method for preserving coherence through active feedback. Quantum error correction encodes the quantum information into a logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-19 Shilin Huang , Kenneth R. Brown , Marko Cetina

We present a unifying approach to quantum error correcting code design that encompasses additive (stabilizer) codes, as well as all known examples of nonadditive codes with good parameters. We use this framework to generate new codes with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-19 Andrew Cross , Graeme Smith , John A. Smolin , Bei Zeng

Quantum computation and communication rely on the ability to manipulate quantum states robustly and with high fidelity. Thus, some form of error correction is needed to protect fragile quantum superposition states from corruption by…

Recently Shor showed how to perform fault tolerant quantum computation when the error probability is logarithmically small. We improve this bound and describe fault tolerant quantum computation when the error probability is smaller than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

Self-testing has been established as a major approach for quantum device certification based on experimental statistics under minimal assumptions. However, despite more than 20 years of research effort most of the self-testing protocols are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-05 Harshank Shrotriya , Leong-Chuan Kwek , Kishor Bharti

A five-qubit codeword stabilized quantum code is implemented in a seven-qubit system using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Our experiment implements a good nonadditive quantum code which encodes a larger Hilbert space than any stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-18 Jingfu Zhang , Markus Grassl , Bei Zeng , Raymond Laflamme

We give an introduction to the theory of quantum error correction using stabilizer codes that is geared towards the working computer scientists and mathematicians with an interest in exploring this area. To this end, we begin with an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Zachary P. Bradshaw , Jeffrey J. Dale , Ethan N. Evans

Quantum mechanics provides a statistical description about nature, and thus would be incomplete if its statistical predictions could not be accounted for some realistic models with hidden variables. There are, however, two powerful theorems…

Many quantum systems are being investigated in the hope of building a large-scale quantum computer. All of these systems suffer from decoherence, resulting in errors during the execution of quantum gates. Quantum error correction enables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 Austin G. Fowler , Adam C. Whiteside , Angus L. McInnes , Alimohammad Rabbani

In this paper, we utilize a concatenation scheme to construct new families of quantum error correction codes achieving the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov (GV) bound asymptotically. We concatenate alternant codes with any linear code achieving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Jihao Fan , Jun Li , Ya Wang , Yonghui Li , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Jiangfeng Du

In quantum error correction using imperfect primitives, errors of high weight arising from a few faults are major concerns since they might not be correctable by the quantum error correcting code. Fortunately, some errors of different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-14 Theerapat Tansuwannont , Debbie Leung

Quantum computers require error correction to achieve universal quantum computing. However, current decoding of quantum error-correcting codes relies on classical computation, which is slower than quantum operations in superconducting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Pan Zhang

The surface code, one of the leading candidates for quantum error correction, is known to protect encoded quantum information against stochastic, i.e., incoherent errors. The protection against coherent errors, such as from unwanted gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

We present a fault-tolerant [[8, 1, 3]] non-CSS quantum error correcting code and study its logical error rates. We choose the unitary encoding procedure for stabilizer codes given by Gottesman and modify it to suit the setting of a class…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Pranav Maheshwari , Ankur Raina

Self-testing is a method to verify that one has a particular quantum state from purely classical statistics. For practical applications, such as device-independent delegated verifiable quantum computation, it is crucial that one self-tests…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-01 Sean A. Adamson , Petros Wallden

A promising approach to overcome decoherence in quantum computing schemes is to perform active quantum error correction using topology. Topological subsystem codes incorporate both the benefits of topological and subsystem codes, allowing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-05-15 Ruben S. Andrist , H. Bombin , Helmut G. Katzgraber , M. A. Martin-Delgado

We estimate the resource requirements for the quantum simulation of the ground state energy of the one dimensional quantum transverse Ising model (TIM), based on the surface code implementation of a fault tolerant quantum computer. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-02 Hao You , Michael R. Geller , P. C. Stancil

We study the error threshold of color codes, a class of topological quantum codes that allow a direct implementation of quantum Clifford gates suitable for entanglement distillation, teleportation and fault-tolerant quantum computation. We…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-08-24 Helmut G. Katzgraber , H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Stabilizer codes lie at the heart of modern quantum-error-correcting codes (QECC). Of particular importance is a class called Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes, which includes many important examples such as toric codes, color codes, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Ryotaro Niwa , Jong Yeon Lee
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