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We consider the problem of estimating a low-rank signal matrix from noisy measurements under the assumption that the distribution of the data matrix belongs to an exponential family. In this setting, we derive generalized Stein's unbiased…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Jérémie Bigot , Charles Deledalle , Delphine Féral

Uncertainty estimation for unlabeled data is crucial to active learning. With a deep neural network employed as the backbone model, the data selection process is highly challenging due to the potential over-confidence of the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Xingjian Li , Pengkun Yang , Yangcheng Gu , Xueying Zhan , Tianyang Wang , Min Xu , Chengzhong Xu

Image enhancement approaches often assume that the noise is signal independent, and approximate the degradation model as zero-mean additive Gaussian. However, this assumption does not hold for biomedical imaging systems where sensor-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-10 Calvin-Khang Ta , Abhishek Aich , Akash Gupta , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

This work proposes a learning-based statistical refinement method for improving the denoising results of a given denoiser without knowing the precise noise distribution or accessing clean images or calibration data. While there are many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Rihuan Ke

Image denoising is a prerequisite for downstream tasks in many fields. Low-dose and photon-counting computed tomography (CT) denoising can optimize diagnostic performance at minimized radiation dose. Supervised deep denoising methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Chuang Niu , Mengzhou Li , Fenglei Fan , Weiwen Wu , Xiaodong Guo , Qing Lyu , Ge Wang

Though achieving excellent performance in some cases, current unsupervised learning methods for single image denoising usually have constraints in applications. In this paper, we propose a new approach which is more general and applicable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Yutong Xie , Mingze Yuan , Bin Dong , Quanzheng Li

Today, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the leading method for image denoising. They are traditionally trained on pairs of images, which are often hard to obtain for practical applications. This motivates self-supervised training…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-21 Alexander Krull , Tomas Vicar , Florian Jug

Learning based methods are now ubiquitous for solving inverse problems, but their deployment in real-world applications is often hindered by the lack of ground truth references for training. Recent self-supervised learning strategies offer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-27 Victor Sechaud , Laurent Jacques , Patrice Abry , Julián Tachella

Self-supervised image denoising techniques emerged as convenient methods that allow training denoising models without requiring ground-truth noise-free data. Existing methods usually optimize loss metrics that are calculated from multiple…

Multimodal learning has demonstrated incredible successes by integrating diverse data sources, yet it often relies on the availability of all modalities - an assumption that rarely holds in real-world applications. Pretrained multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Duy A. Nguyen , Quan Huu Do , Khoa D. Doan , Minh N. Do

We present TWIST, a simple and theoretically explainable self-supervised representation learning method by classifying large-scale unlabeled datasets in an end-to-end way. We employ a siamese network terminated by a softmax operation to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Feng Wang , Tao Kong , Rufeng Zhang , Huaping Liu , Hang Li

Many parametric statistical models are not properly normalised and only specified up to an intractable partition function, which renders parameter estimation difficult. Examples of unnormalised models are Gibbs distributions, Markov random…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-12 Ciwan Ceylan , Michael U. Gutmann

We apply basic statistical reasoning to signal reconstruction by machine learning -- learning to map corrupted observations to clean signals -- with a simple and powerful conclusion: it is possible to learn to restore images by only looking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Jaakko Lehtinen , Jacob Munkberg , Jon Hasselgren , Samuli Laine , Tero Karras , Miika Aittala , Timo Aila

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has become a powerful solution to extract rich representations from unlabeled data. Yet, SSL research is mostly focused on clean, curated and high-quality datasets. As a result, applying SSL on noisy data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Wenquan Lu , Jiaqi Zhang , Hugues Van Assel , Randall Balestriero

Recorrupted-to-Recorrupted (R2R) has emerged as a methodology for training deep networks for image restoration in a self-supervised manner from noisy measurement data alone, demonstrating equivalence in expectation to the supervised squared…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-01 Brayan Monroy , Jorge Bacca , Julián Tachella

Deep learning has shown impressive results in reducing noise and artifacts in X-ray computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Self-supervised CT reconstruction methods are especially appealing for real-world applications because they require…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-06 Dirk Elias Schut , Adriaan Graas , Robert van Liere , Tristan van Leeuwen

Image denoising is the first step in many biomedical image analysis pipelines and Deep Learning (DL) based methods are currently best performing. A new category of DL methods such as Noise2Void or Noise2Self can be used fully unsupervised,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-20 Mangal Prakash , Manan Lalit , Pavel Tomancak , Alexander Krull , Florian Jug

Standard uncertainty estimation techniques, such as dropout, often struggle to clearly distinguish reliable predictions from unreliable ones. We attribute this limitation to noisy classifier weights, which, while not impairing overall…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Haripriya Harikumar , Santu Rana

Ultrafast electron beam X-ray computed tomography produces noisy data due to short measurement times, causing reconstruction artifacts and limiting overall image quality. To counteract these issues, two self-supervised deep learning methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Israt Jahan Tulin , Sebastian Starke , Dominic Windisch , André Bieberle , Peter Steinbach

In many real-world inverse problems, only incomplete measurement data are available for training which can pose a problem for learning a reconstruction function. Indeed, unsupervised learning using a fixed incomplete measurement process is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-30 Julián Tachella , Dongdong Chen , Mike Davies