English
Related papers

Related papers: Classically estimating observables of noiseless qu…

200 papers

Motivated by estimation of quantum noise models, we study the problem of learning a Pauli channel, or more generally the Pauli error rates of an arbitrary channel. By employing a novel reduction to the "Population Recovery" problem, we give…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Steven T. Flammia , Ryan O'Donnell

The variational quantum imaginary time evolution algorithm is efficient in finding the ground state of a quantum Hamiltonian. This algorithm involves solving a system of linear equations in a classical computer and the solution is then used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-10 Gaurav Saxena , Ahmed Shalabi , Thi Ha Kyaw

Fault-tolerant quantum computing will require accurate estimates of the resource overhead, but standard metrics such as gate fidelity and diamond distance have been shown to be poor predictors of logical performance. We present a scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Classical simulations of noisy quantum circuits are instrumental to our understanding of the behavior of real-world quantum systems and the identification of regimes where one expects quantum advantage. In this work, we present a highly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-17 Simon Cichy , Paul K. Faehrmann , Lennart Bittel , Jens Eisert , Hakop Pashayan

Classical simulation of quantum computers is an irreplaceable step in the design of quantum algorithms. Exponential simulation costs demand the use of high-performance computing techniques, and in particular distribution, whereby the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-06 Tyson Jones , Bálint Koczor , Simon C. Benjamin

Quantum advantage requires overcoming noise-induced degradation of quantum systems. Conventional methods for reducing noise such as error mitigation face scalability issues in deep circuits. Specifically, noise hampers the extraction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Yonglong Ding , Ruyu Yang

Today's experimental noisy quantum processors can compete with and surpass all known algorithms on state-of-the-art supercomputers for the computational benchmark task of Random Circuit Sampling [1-5]. Additionally, a circuit-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-22 K. Kechedzhi , S. V. Isakov , S. Mandrà , B. Villalonga , X. Mi , S. Boixo , V. Smelyanskiy

As quantum computing hardware steadily increases in qubit count and quality, one important question is how to allocate these resources to mitigate the effects of hardware noise. In a transitional era between noisy small-scale and fully…

Unitary errors, such as those arising from fault-tolerant compilation of quantum algorithms, systematically bias observable estimates. Correcting this bias typically requires additional resources, such as an increased number of non-Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Dmitrii Khitrin , Kenneth R. Brown , Abhinav Anand

The performance of a given quantum error correction (QEC) code depends upon the noise model that is assumed. Independent Pauli noise, applied after each quantum operation, is a simplistic noise model that is easy to simulate and understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Wayne M. Witzel , Anand Ganti , Tzvetan S. Metodi

We consider the task of estimating the expectation value of an $n$-qubit tensor product observable $O_1\otimes O_2\otimes \cdots \otimes O_n$ in the output state of a shallow quantum circuit. This task is a cornerstone of variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-11 Sergey Bravyi , David Gosset , Ramis Movassagh

What makes a class of quantum circuits efficiently classically simulable on average? I present a framework that applies harmonic analysis of groups to circuits with a structure encoded by group parameters. Expanding the circuits in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Cristina Cirstoiu

Expectation value estimation is ubiquitous in quantum algorithms. The expectation value of a Hamiltonian, which is essential in various practical applications, is often estimated by measuring a large number of Pauli strings on quantum…

Simulating the dynamics and the non-equilibrium steady state of an open quantum system are hard computational tasks on conventional computers. For the simulation of the time evolution, several efficient quantum algorithms have recently been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-24 Nathan Ramusat , Vincenzo Savona

Estimation of expectation values of incompatible observables is an essential practical task in quantum computing, especially for approximating energies of chemical and other many-body quantum systems. In this work we introduce a method for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-14 Daniel McNulty , Filip B. Maciejewski , Michał Oszmaniec

Extracting information efficiently from quantum systems is a major component of quantum information processing tasks. Randomized measurements, or classical shadows, enable predicting many properties of arbitrary quantum states using few…

We introduce a symmetry-adapted framework for simulating quantum dynamics based on Pauli propagation. When a quantum circuit possesses a symmetry, many Pauli strings evolve redundantly under actions of the symmetry group. We exploit this by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Yanting Teng , Su Yeon Chang , Manuel S. Rudolph , Zoë Holmes

The realization of unitary designs is of fundamental interest in quantum science and typically requires the ability to implement structured quantum circuits. Recent developments have explored the possibility of generating unitary designs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Ning Sun , Pengfei Zhang

One of simplest and most widely used error model in working with quantum circuits is the Pauli Twirling Approximation (PTA). Restricting ourselves to analysis of free dynamics of qubits we show explicitly how application of PTA is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 Amara Katabarwa

The design and optimization of realistic architectures for fault-tolerant quantum computation requires error models that are both reliable and amenable to large-scale classical simulation. Perhaps the simplest and most practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-17 Michael R. Geller , Zhongyuan Zhou