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This work introduces a novel, fully differentiable linear-time complexity transformer decoder and a transformer decoder to correct 5G New Radio (NR) LDPC. We propose a scalable approach to decode linear block codes with $O(n)$ complexity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Mario Hernandez , Fernando Pinero

The rapidly improving performance of modern hardware renders convolutional codes obsolete, and allows for the practical implementation of more sophisticated correction codes such as low density parity check (LDPC) and turbo codes (TC). Both…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Jarosław Duda , Paweł Korus

We address the problem of decoding sparse quantum error correction codes. For Pauli channels, this task can be accomplished by a version of the belief propagation algorithm used for decoding sparse classical codes. Quantum codes pose two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-16 David Poulin , Yeojin Chung

Weighted belief propagation (WBP) for the decoding of linear block codes is considered. In WBP, the Tanner graph of the code is unrolled with respect to the iterations of the belief propagation decoder. Then, weights are assigned to the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Alireza Tasdighi , Mansoor Yousefi

We introduce a technique that uses gauge fixing to significantly improve the quantum error correcting performance of subsystem codes. By changing the order in which check operators are measured, valuable additional information can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 Oscar Higgott , Nikolas P. Breuckmann

We introduce a new heuristic decoder, Relay-BP, targeting real-time quantum circuit decoding for large-scale quantum computers. Relay-BP achieves high accuracy across circuit-noise decoding problems: significantly outperforming BP+OSD+CS-10…

Finite alphabet iterative decoders (FAID) with multilevel messages that can surpass BP in the error floor region for LDPC codes on the BSC were previously proposed. In this paper, we propose decimation-enhanced decoders. The technique of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-07 Shiva Kumar Planjery , Bane Vasic , David Declercq

Fault-tolerant quantum computation demands extremely low logical error rates, yet superconducting qubit arrays are subject to radiation-induced correlated noise arising from cosmic-ray muon-generated quasiparticles. The quasiparticle…

In the search for highly efficient decoders for short LDPC codes approaching maximum likelihood performance, a relayed decoding strategy, specifically activating the ordered statistics decoding process upon failure of a neural min-sum…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Guangwen Li , Xiao Yu

We present a fault-tolerant universal quantum computing architecture based on a code concatenation of biased-noise qubits and the parity architecture. The parity architecture can be understood as an LDPC code tailored specifically to obtain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Anette Messinger , Valentin Torggler , Berend Klaver , Michael Fellner , Wolfgang Lechner

Low density parity-check (LDPC) codes are a class of linear block codes that are decoded by running belief propagation (BP) algorithm or log-likelihood ratio belief propagation (LLR-BP) over the factor graph of the code. One of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-07-15 A. Dinesh Kumar , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

Binary linear block codes (BLBCs) are essential to modern communication, but their diverse structures often require tailor-made decoders, increasing complexity. This work introduces enhanced polar decoding ($\mathsf{PD}^+$), a universal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Chien-Ying Lin , Yu-Chih Huang , Shin-Lin Shieh , Po-Ning Chen

Noise in quantum computing is countered with quantum error correction. Achieving optimal performance will require tailoring codes and decoding algorithms to account for features of realistic noise, such as the common situation where the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-02 David K. Tuckett , Stephen D. Bartlett , Steven T. Flammia , Benjamin J. Brown

In this paper we propose a new efficient message passing algorithm for decoding LDPC transmitted over a channel with strong phase noise. The algorithm performs approximate bayesian inference on a factor graph representation of the channel…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-04-13 Shachar Shayovitz , Dan Raphaeli

The problem of error correction for Gallager's low-density parity-check codes is famously equivalent to that of computing marginal Boltzmann probabilities for an Ising-like model with multispin interactions in a non-uniform magnetic field.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-03 Marco Pretti

Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes with asymptotically non-zero rates are prominent candidates for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computation, primarily due to their syndrome-measurement circuit's low operational depth.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Asit Kumar Pradhan , Nithin Raveendran , Narayanan Rengaswamy , Bane Vasić

Fast decoding algorithms are decisive for real-time quantum error correction and for analyzing properties of error correction codes. Here, we develop variants of the union-find decoder that simplify its implementation and provide potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Matthias C. Löbl , Susan X. Chen , Stefano Paesani , Anders S. Sørensen

In this paper, we propose an efficient method to reduce error floors in quantum error correction using non-binary low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. We identify and classify cycle structures in the parity-check matrix where estimated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Kenta Kasai

The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is the most efficiently known way to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of an arbitrary n-length signal, and has a computational complexity of O(n log n). If the DFT X of the signal x has only k…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-05 Sameer Pawar , Kannan Ramchandran