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Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) optimizes language models to align with human preferences. Utilizing on-policy samples, generated directly by the policy model, typically results in better performance due to its distribution consistency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Yunan Wang , Jijie Li , Bo-Wen Zhang , Liangdong Wang , Guang Liu

Efficiently aligning large-scale video diffusion models with human intent requires a scalable and trajectory-aware pathway that bridges the inherent discrepancy between training noise distributions and practical inference trajectories.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jingyuan Zhu , Biaolong Chen , Le Zhang , Aixi Zhang , Hao Jiang , Pipei Huang

This work compares ways of extending Reinforcement Learning algorithms to Partially Observed Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) with options. One view of options is as temporally extended action, which can be realized as a memory that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Shu Ishida , João F. Henriques

The application of diffusion models in 3D LiDAR scene completion is limited due to diffusion's slow sampling speed. Score distillation accelerates diffusion sampling but with performance degradation, while post-training with direct policy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-17 An Zhao , Shengyuan Zhang , Ling Yang , Zejian Li , Jiale Wu , Haoran Xu , AnYang Wei , Perry Pengyun GU , Lingyun Sun

The recent remarkable progress of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) stands on regularization of policy for stable and efficient learning. A popular method, named proximal policy optimization (PPO), has been introduced for this purpose. PPO…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Taisuke Kobayashi

Residential demand response programs aim to activate demand flexibility at the household level. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) has gained significant attention for these type of applications. A major challenge of RL algorithms…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-13 Thijs Peirelinck , Chris Hermans , Fred Spiessens , Geert Deconinck

Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization (MAPPO) is a variant of the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm, specifically tailored for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). MAPPO optimizes cooperative multi-agent settings by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Changha Lee , Gyusang Cho

Humanoid loco-manipulation requires coordinated high-level motion plans with stable, low-level whole-body execution under complex robot-environment dynamics and long-horizon tasks. While diffusion policies (DPs) show promise for learning…

Learning diverse policies for non-prehensile manipulation is essential for improving skill transfer and generalization to out-of-distribution scenarios. In this work, we enhance exploration through a two-fold approach within a hybrid…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Huy Le , Tai Hoang , Miroslav Gabriel , Gerhard Neumann , Ngo Anh Vien

Model inversion attacks pose a significant privacy risk by attempting to reconstruct private training data from trained models. Most of the existing methods either depend on gradient estimation or require white-box access to model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Xinpeng Shou

Achieving precise, versatile whole-body character control in physics-based animation remains challenging. Recent diffusion-based policies generate rich and expressive motions but typically rely on gradient-based test-time guidance to…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Chia-Wen Chen , Yan Wu , Korrawe Karunratanakul , Siyu Tang

RL-based post-training of language models is almost exclusively done using on-policy methods such as PPO. These methods cannot learn from arbitrary sequences such as those produced earlier in training, in earlier runs, by human experts or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Taco Cohen , David W. Zhang , Kunhao Zheng , Yunhao Tang , Remi Munos , Gabriel Synnaeve

We propose a new sample-efficient methodology, called Supervised Policy Update (SPU), for deep reinforcement learning. Starting with data generated by the current policy, SPU formulates and solves a constrained optimization problem in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Quan Vuong , Yiming Zhang , Keith W. Ross

Proficient game agents with diverse play styles enrich the gaming experience and enhance the replay value of games. However, recent advancements in game AI based on reinforcement learning have predominantly focused on improving proficiency,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Lingfeng Li , Yunlong Lu , Yongyi Wang , Wenxin Li

Aligning text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has shown notable improvements in generation quality. However, applying DPO to T2I faces two challenges: the sensitivity of DPO to preference pairs and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Renjie Chen , Wenfeng Lin , Yichen Zhang , Jiangchuan Wei , Boyuan Liu , Chao Feng , Jiao Ran , Mingyu Guo

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a cornerstone for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) serving as the de facto standard algorithm. Despite its ubiquity, we argue that the core ratio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Penghui Qi , Xiangxin Zhou , Zichen Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wee Sun Lee

Offline reinforcement learning methods hold the promise of learning policies from pre-collected datasets without the need to query the environment for new transitions. This setting is particularly well-suited for continuous control robotic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Xi Chen , Ali Ghadirzadeh , Tianhe Yu , Yuan Gao , Jianhao Wang , Wenzhe Li , Bin Liang , Chelsea Finn , Chongjie Zhang

Existing batch size selection approaches in distributed machine learning rely on static allocation or simplistic heuristics that fail to adapt to heterogeneous, dynamic computing environments. We present DYNAMIX, a reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yuanjun Dai , Keqiang He , An Wang

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in conditional image generation, yet their outputs often remain misaligned with human preferences. To address this, recent work has applied Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) to diffusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Shaomeng Wang , He Wang , Xiaolu Wei , Longquan Dai , Jinhui Tang

Optimizing the fuel cycle cost through the optimization of nuclear reactor core loading patterns involves multiple objectives and constraints, leading to a vast number of candidate solutions that cannot be explicitly solved. To advance the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Paul Seurin , Koroush Shirvan
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