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Most image restoration problems are ill-conditioned or ill-posed and hence involve significant uncertainty. Quantifying this uncertainty is crucial for reliably interpreting experimental results, particularly when reconstructed images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Jasper M. Everink , Bernardin Tamo Amougou , Marcelo Pereyra

This paper presents a comprehensive empirical analysis of conformal prediction methods on a challenging aerial image dataset featuring diverse events in unconstrained environments. Conformal prediction is a powerful post-hoc technique that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Farhad Pourkamali-Anaraki

Feature attribution methods are widely used for explaining image-based predictions, as they provide feature-level insights that can be intuitively visualized. However, such explanations often vary in their robustness and may fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Amr Alkhatib , Stephanie Lowry

Semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods leverage unlabeled data by pseudo-labeling them. Thus the success of these methods hinges on the reliablility of the pseudo-labels. Existing methods mostly choose high-confidence pixels in an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Prantik Howlader , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Machine learning classification tasks often benefit from predicting a set of possible labels with confidence scores to capture uncertainty. However, existing methods struggle with the high-dimensional nature of the data and the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Rui Luo , Zhixin Zhou

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a distribution-free method for constructing prediction sets with marginal finite-sample coverage guarantees, making it a suitable framework for reliable uncertainty quantification in safety-critical object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Christopher Ries , Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Nicolas Bianco , Nadja Klein

Insufficient prior knowledge of a captured hyperspectral image (HSI) scene may lead the experts or the automatic labeling systems to offer incorrect labels or ambiguous labels (i.e., assigning each training sample to a group of candidate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Shujun Yang , Yu Zhang , Yao Ding , Danfeng Hong

Existing self-supervised learning (SSL) methods primarily learn object-invariant representations but often neglect the spatial structure and relationships among object parts. To address this limitation, we introduce Spatial Prediction (SP),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Yusen Cai , Weronika Hryniewska-Guzik , Qing Lin , Mengmi Zhang

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) classification is a critical tool with widespread applications across diverse fields such as agriculture, environmental monitoring, medicine, and materials science. Due to the limited availability of high-quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Rafin Hassan , Zarin Tasnim Roshni , Rafiqul Bari , Alimul Islam , Nabeel Mohammed , Moshiur Farazi , Shafin Rahman

Significant progress has been made in semi-supervised hyperspectral image (HSI) classification regarding feature extraction and classification performance. However, due to high annotation costs and limited sample availability,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yunfei Qiu , Qiqiong Ma , Tianhua Lv , Li Fang , Shudong Zhou , Wei Yao

Conformal prediction (CP) is a framework to quantify uncertainty of machine learning classifiers including deep neural networks. Given a testing example and a trained classifier, CP produces a prediction set of candidate labels with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Subhankar Ghosh , Yuanjie Shi , Taha Belkhouja , Yan Yan , Jana Doppa , Brian Jones

Unlike the typical classification setting where each instance is associated with a single class, in multi-label learning each instance is associated with multiple classes simultaneously. Therefore the learning task in this setting is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Harris Papadopoulos

Deep learning models in robotics often output point estimates with poorly calibrated confidences, offering no native mechanism to quantify predictive reliability under novel, noisy, or out-of-distribution inputs. Conformal prediction (CP)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Divake Kumar , Sina Tayebati , Francesco Migliarba , Ranganath Krishnan , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is an important task in many applications, such as environmental monitoring, medical imaging, and land use/land cover (LULC) classification. Due to the significant amount of spectral information from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Sertac Kilickaya , Mete Ahishali , Fahad Sohrab , Turker Ince , Moncef Gabbouj

Conformal prediction has recently emerged as a promising strategy for quantifying the uncertainty of a predictive model; these algorithms modify the model to output sets of labels that are guaranteed to contain the true label with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Botong Zhang , Shuo Li , Osbert Bastani

Conformal prediction (CP) is an emerging uncertainty quantification framework that allows us to construct a prediction set to cover the true label with a pre-specified marginal or conditional probability. Although the valid coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Yuanjie Shi , Subhankar Ghosh , Taha Belkhouja , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Yan Yan

In high-stakes scenarios, such as medical imaging applications, it is critical to equip the predictions of a regression model with reliable confidence intervals. Recently, Conformal Prediction (CP) has emerged as a powerful statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yahav Cohen , Jacob Goldberger , Tom Tirer

Pixel-level vision tasks, such as semantic segmentation, require extensive and high-quality annotated data, which is costly to obtain. Semi-supervised semantic segmentation (SSSS) has emerged as a solution to alleviate the labeling burden…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Danhui Chen , Ziquan Liu , Chuxi Yang , Dan Wang , Yan Yan , Yi Xu , Xiangyang Ji

Spatial prediction is a fundamental task in geography. In recent years, with advances in geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI), numerous models have been developed to improve the accuracy of geographic variable predictions. Beyond…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-29 Xiayin Lou , Peng Luo , Liqiu Meng

This paper presents a conformal prediction method for classification in highly imbalanced and open-set settings, where there are many possible classes and not all may be represented in the data. Existing approaches require a finite, known…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-16 Tianmin Xie , Yanfei Zhou , Ziyi Liang , Stefano Favaro , Matteo Sesia