English
Related papers

Related papers: Self-Judge: Selective Instruction Following with A…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, yet their deployment in enterprise environments reveals a critical limitation: inconsistent adherence to custom instructions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Vishesh Tripathi , Uday Allu , Biddwan Ahmed

While large language models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive instruction-following capabilities, it is still unclear whether and to what extent they can respond to explicit constraints that might be entailed in various instructions. As a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Yihan Chen , Benfeng Xu , Quan Wang , Yi Liu , Zhendong Mao

One core capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is to follow natural language instructions. However, the evaluation of such abilities is not standardized: Human evaluations are expensive, slow, and not objectively reproducible, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Jeffrey Zhou , Tianjian Lu , Swaroop Mishra , Siddhartha Brahma , Sujoy Basu , Yi Luan , Denny Zhou , Le Hou

Prior work has shown that finetuning large language models (LLMs) using machine-generated instruction-following data enables such models to achieve remarkable zero-shot capabilities on new tasks, and no human-written instructions are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Baolin Peng , Chunyuan Li , Pengcheng He , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao

Following the initial flourishing of large language models (LLMs), there has been a surge in proposed large vision-language models (LVLMs) that integrate LLMs with vision capabilities. However, it has been observed that LVLMs, after tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Daiki Shiono , Shumpei Miyawaki , Ryota Tanaka , Jun Suzuki

Instruction-tuned large language models (IT-LLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot reasoning, yet their ability to execute simple, self-contained instructions remains underexplored, despite this being foundational to complex instruction-following.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Henry Lim , Kwan Hui Lim

Instruction fine-tuning (IFT) elicits instruction following capabilities and steers the behavior of large language models (LLMs) via supervised learning. However, existing models trained on open-source IFT datasets only have the ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Kuan Wang , Alexander Bukharin , Haoming Jiang , Qingyu Yin , Zhengyang Wang , Tuo Zhao , Jingbo Shang , Chao Zhang , Bing Yin , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Shiyang Li

Large language models (LLMs) can serve as judges that offer rapid and reliable assessments of other LLM outputs. However, models may systematically assign overly favorable ratings to their own outputs, a phenomenon known as self-bias, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Evangelia Spiliopoulou , Riccardo Fogliato , Hanna Burnsky , Tamer Soliman , Jie Ma , Graham Horwood , Miguel Ballesteros

Training large language models (LLMs) with open-domain instruction following data brings colossal success. However, manually creating such instruction data is very time-consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, humans may struggle to produce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Kai Zheng , Xiubo Geng , Pu Zhao , Jiazhan Feng , Chongyang Tao , Qingwei Lin , Daxin Jiang

A Large Language Model (LLM) as judge evaluates the quality of victim Machine Learning (ML) models, specifically LLMs, by analyzing their outputs. An LLM as judge is the combination of one model and one specifically engineered judge prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Tom Biskupski , Stephan Kleber

Instruction tuning is crucial for enabling Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve real-world tasks. Prior work has shown the effectiveness of instruction-tuning data synthesized solely from LLMs, raising a fundamental question: Do we still…

There is a consensus that instruction fine-tuning of LLMs requires high-quality data, but what are they? LIMA (NeurIPS 2023) and AlpaGasus (ICLR 2024) are state-of-the-art methods for selecting such high-quality examples, either via manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Hao Zhao , Maksym Andriushchenko , Francesco Croce , Nicolas Flammarion

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), such as LLaVA-series models, are driven by massive machine-generated instruction-following data tuning. Such automatic instruction collection pipelines, however, inadvertently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Hongzhe Huang , Jiang Liu , Zhewen Yu , Li Cai , Dian Jiao , Wenqiao Zhang , Siliang Tang , Juncheng Li , Hao Jiang , Haoyuan Li , Yueting Zhuang

We present a scalable method to build a high quality instruction following language model by automatically labelling human-written text with corresponding instructions. Our approach, named instruction backtranslation, starts with a language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xian Li , Ping Yu , Chunting Zhou , Timo Schick , Omer Levy , Luke Zettlemoyer , Jason Weston , Mike Lewis

Human preference alignment can greatly enhance Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), but collecting high-quality preference data is costly. A promising solution is the self-evolution strategy, where models are iteratively trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Wentao Tan , Qiong Cao , Yibing Zhan , Chao Xue , Changxing Ding

Offering a promising solution to the scalability challenges associated with human evaluation, the LLM-as-a-judge paradigm is rapidly gaining traction as an approach to evaluating large language models (LLMs). However, there are still many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Aman Singh Thakur , Kartik Choudhary , Venkat Srinik Ramayapally , Sankaran Vaidyanathan , Dieuwke Hupkes

LLMs-as-a-judge is a recently popularized method which replaces human judgements in task evaluation (Zheng et al. 2024) with automatic evaluation using LLMs. Due to widespread use of RLHF (Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Bhuvanashree Murugadoss , Christian Poelitz , Ian Drosos , Vu Le , Nick McKenna , Carina Suzana Negreanu , Chris Parnin , Advait Sarkar

Evaluating the alignment of large language models (LLMs) with user-defined coding preferences is a challenging endeavour that requires a deep assessment of LLMs' outputs. Existing methods and benchmarks rely primarily on automated metrics…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Martin Weyssow , Aton Kamanda , Xin Zhou , Houari Sahraoui

Recent self-rewarding large language models (LLM) have successfully applied LLM-as-a-Judge to iteratively improve the alignment performance without the need of human annotations for preference data. These methods commonly utilize the same…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Zhaoyang Wang , Weilei He , Zhiyuan Liang , Xuchao Zhang , Chetan Bansal , Ying Wei , Weitong Zhang , Huaxiu Yao

Recent AI-assistant agents, such as ChatGPT, predominantly rely on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) with human annotations and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to align the output of large language models (LLMs) with human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zhiqing Sun , Yikang Shen , Qinhong Zhou , Hongxin Zhang , Zhenfang Chen , David Cox , Yiming Yang , Chuang Gan