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Leakage of confidential information represents a serious security risk. Despite a number of novel, theoretical advances, it has been unclear if and how quantitative approaches to measuring leakage of confidential information could be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-07-07 Jonathan Heusser , Pasquale Malacaria

Attackers utilize a plethora of adversarial techniques in cyberattacks to compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the target organizations and systems. Information security standards such as NIST, ISO/IEC specify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Md Rayhanur Rahman , Laurie Williams

The rapid development of information and network technologies motivates the emergence of various new computing paradigms, such as distributed computing, and edge computing. This also enables more and more network enterprises to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Jinyong Chen , Reiner Dojen , Anca Jurcut

How do healthcare organizations (from small Practices to large HDOs) evaluate adherence to the cybersecurity and privacy protection of Medical Internet of Things (MIoT) used in clinical settings? This paper suggests an approach for such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Thomas P. Dover

There is no standard yet for measuring and controlling the costs associated with implementing cybersecurity programs. To advance research and practice towards this end, we develop a mapping using the well-known concept of quality costs and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Nicole M. Radziwill , Morgan C. Benton

Artificial Intelligence is one of the fastest growing technologies of the 21st century and accompanies us in our daily lives when interacting with technical applications. However, reliance on such technical systems is crucial for their…

Increasingly, students begin learning aspects of security and privacy during their primary and secondary education (grades K-12 in the United States). Individual U.S. states and some national organizations publish teaching standards --…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Katherine Limes , Nathan Malkin , Kelsey R. Fulton

Complex networked systems are an integral part of today's support infrastructures. Due to their importance, these systems become more and more the target for cyber-attacks, suffering a notable number of security incidents. Also, they are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Arthur-Jozsef Molnar , Jürgen Großmann

The growing dependence on Electronic Identity Management Systems (EIDS) and recent advancements, such as non-human ID management, require a thorough evaluation of their trustworthiness. Assessing EIDS's trustworthiness ensures security,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Mirko Bottarelli , Gregory Epiphaniou , Shah Mahmood , Mark Hooper , Carsten Maple

As e-commerce continues to expand, the urgency for stronger privacy and security measures becomes increasingly critical, particularly on platforms frequented by younger users who are often less aware of potential risks. In our analysis of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Urvashi Kishnani , Sanchari Das

As AI systems integrate into critical infrastructure, security gaps in AI compliance frameworks demand urgent attention. This paper audits and quantifies security risks in three major AI governance standards: NIST AI RMF 1.0, UK's AI and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Keerthana Madhavan , Abbas Yazdinejad , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

Cybersecurity incidents such as data breaches have become increasingly common, affecting millions of users and organizations worldwide. The complexity of cybersecurity threats challenges the effectiveness of existing security communication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Carolina Carreira , Alexandra Mendes , João F. Ferreira , Nicolas Christin

Products certified under security certification frameworks such as Common Criteria undergo significant scrutiny during the costly certification process. Yet, critical vulnerabilities, including private key recovery (ROCA, Minerva,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Adam Janovsky , Jan Jancar , Petr Svenda , Łukasz Chmielewski , Jiri Michalik , Vashek Matyas

For sensitive text data to be shared among NLP researchers and practitioners, shared documents need to comply with data protection and privacy laws. There is hence a growing interest in automated approaches for text anonymization. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Maximilian Mozes , Bennett Kleinberg

Authentication is a fundamental security means for protecting system resources. Authenticator-centric authentication techniques (AuthN Techniques) address how mechanisms and credentials are used via Authenticators. There are many AuthN…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Alex R. Mattukat , Vincent Schmandt , Timo Langstrof , Michael Zerbe , Horst Lichter

Governments around the world are required to strengthen their national cybersecurity capabilities to respond effectively to the growing, changing, and sophisticated cyber threats and attacks, thus protecting society and the way of life as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Marco Alfano , Viviana Bastidas , Paul Heynen , Markus Helfert

Supply chains are increasingly targeted by threat actors. Using a recent taxonomy, we contrast the diverse levels of detail given by national authorities. The threat is commonly acknowledged, but guidance is disjointed. NIST SP 800-161…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Colin Topping , Ola Michalec , Awais Rashid

This paper presents a novel, structured decision support framework that systematically aligns diverse artificial intelligence (AI) agent architectures, reactive, cognitive, hybrid, and learning, with the comprehensive National Institute of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Masike Malatji

This paper describes how NIST Special Publications (SP) 800-171r2 (Protecting Controlled but Unclassified Information in Nonfederal Systems and Organizations), SP.800-172 (Enhanced Security Requirements for Protecting Controlled…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Thomas P. Dover

The PQDSS standardization process requires cryptographic primitives to be free from vulnerabilities, including timing and cache side-channels. Resistance to timing leakage is therefore an essential property, and achieving this typically…