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Inhibition of bubble coalescence in electrolyte solutions enables the formation of oceanic whitecaps and affects the heat and mass transfer in many bubble related engineering processes. For different electrolytes, the ability to inhibit…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-02-27 Bo Liu , Rogerio Manica , Zhenghe Xu , Qingxia Liu

A gas bubble sitting at a liquid-gas interface can burst following the rupture of the thin liquid film separating it from the ambient, owing to the large surface energy of the resultant cavity. This bursting bubble forms capillary waves, a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-09 A. G. Balasubramanian , V. Sanjay , M. Jalaal , R. Vinuesa , O. Tammisola

A novel 3-electrode cell type is introduced to run parametrical studies of H$_2$ evolution in an alkaline electrolyte on porous electrodes. Electrochemical methods combined with a high-speed optical measurement system are applied…

We present an experimental study on detachment characteristics of hydrogen bubbles during electrolysis. Using a transparent (Pt or Ni) electrode enables us to directly observe the bubble contact line and bubble size. Based on these…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-10-30 Çayan Demirkır , Jeffery A. Wood , Detlef Lohse , Dominik Krug

When colloidal droplets evaporate, suspended particles are redistributed by a competition between evaporation-driven capillary advection, interfacial Marangoni stresses and particle mobility, leading to diverse deposition patterns relevant…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-10 Meneka Banik , Ranjini Bandyopadhyay

Acoustic droplet vaporization denotes the phase-change of micron- and sub-micron-sized droplets upon the application of high-amplitude ultrasound. The asymmetric collapse of the incepted vapor bubbles within the droplets can give rise to…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-11 Anunay Prasanna , Samuele Fiorini , Gazendra Shakya , Outi Supponen

In this paper, we present a theoretical, experimental, and numerical study of the dynamics of cavitation bubbles inside a droplet suspended in another host fluid. On the theoretical side, we provided a modified Rayleigh collapse time and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-01-02 Shuai Li , Zhesheng Zhao , A-Man Zhang , Rui Han

Three-dimensional direct numerical simulation of electrolysis is applied to investigate the growth and detachment of bubbles at electrodes. The moving gas-liquid interface is modeled employing the VOF-based method. To ensure the accuracy of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-19 Wei Qin , Tian Long , Jacob Maarek , Stéphane Zaleski

The interaction between cavitation bubbles and surrounding droplets plays a central role in applications such as surface cleaning, ultrasonic emulsification, and therapeutic delivery. These processes depend on bubble-driven microjets that…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-08 Chenghao Xu , Zhengyu Yang , Jie Feng

The relationship of the gas bubble size to the size distribution critically influences the effectiveness of electrochemical processes. Several optical and acoustical techniques have been used to characterize the size and emission frequency…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-09-30 N. Clement , K. Nishiguchi , J. F. Dufreche , D. Guerin , A. Fujiwara , D. Vuillaume

Determining the nature of surface roughness and electrode pore structure on H2 bubble evolution rate and quantity, and bubble trapping under electrolytic conditions is important for quantifying useful gas production during total water…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-19 Matthew Ferguson , Alex Lonergan , Christopher Kent , Dara Fitzpatrick , Colm O'Dwyer

This study experimentally and numerically investigates the dynamics of a high-speed liquid jet generated from the interaction of two tandem cavitation bubbles, termed bubble 1 and bubble 2, depending on their generation sequence. In our…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-03-04 Shuai Yan , A-Man Zhang , Tianyuan Zhang , Pu Cui , Rui Han , Shuai Li

Bubble formation in electrochemical system often hinders reaction efficiency by reducing active surface area and obstructing mass transfer, yet the mechanisms governing their nanoscale nucleation dynamics and impact remains unclear. In this…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-26 Zhenlei Wanga , Yaxi Yua , Mengkai Qin , Hao Jiang , Zhenjiang Guo , Lu Bai , Limin Wang , Xiaochun Zhang , Xiangping Zhang , Yawei Liu

Dynamic processes in dispersions of charged spherical particles are of importance both in fundamental science, and in technical and bio-medical applications. There exists a large variety of charged-particles systems, ranging from…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-11-25 G. Nägele , M. Heinen , A. J. Banchio , C. Contreras-Aburto

In electrochemical systems, an understanding of the underlying transport processes is required to aid in their better design. This includes knowledge of possible near-electrode convective mixing that can enhance measured currents. Here, for…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-09-15 Nakul Pande , Jeffery A. Wood , Guido Mul , Detlef Lohse , Bastian T. Mei , Dominik Krug

The formation and entrapment of gas bubbles during solidification significantly influence the microstructure and mechanical properties of materials, from metallic alloys to ice. While gas segregation at the solidification front is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-14 Bastien Isabella , Cécile Monteux , Sylvain Deville

The efficiency of water electrolysis is significantly impacted by the generation of micro- and nanobubbles on the electrodes. Here molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the dynamics of single electrolytic nanobubbles on…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-02-09 Yixin Zhang , Detlef Lohse

The removal of microbubbles from substrates is crucial for the efficiency of many catalytic and electrochemical gas evolution reactions in liquids. The current work investigates the coalescence and detachment of bubbles generated from…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-12-08 Pengyu Lv , Pablo Peñas , Hai Le The , Jan Eijkel , Albert van den Berg , Xuehua Zhang , Detlef Lohse

We studied spark-generated cavitation bubbles inside water drops produced in microgravity. High-speed visualizations disclosed unique effects of the spherical and nearly isolated liquid volume. In particular, (1) toroidally collapsing…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Obreschkow , P. Kobel , N. Dorsaz , A. de Bosset , C. Nicollier , M. Farhat

A popular method to induce synthetic propulsion at the microscale is to use the forces created by surface-produced gas bubbles inside the asymmetric body of a catalytic swimmer (referred to in the literature as microrocket). Gas bubbles…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-03-29 Giacomo Gallino , Francois Gallaire , Eric Lauga , Sebastien Michelin