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Related papers: Simple stochastic processes behind Menzerath's Law

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The asymptotic behavior for fully coupled multiscale stochastic systems becomes much complicated when the fast processes do not locate in a compact space. An example is constructed to show that the averaged coefficients may become…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Shen Wang , Jinghai Shao

The current distribution of language size in terms of speaker population is generally described using a lognormal distribution. Analyzing the original real data we show how the double-Pareto lognormal distribution can give an alternative…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-13 V. Schwämmle , Silvio M. D. Queirós , E. Brigatti , T. Tchumatchenko

Zipf's law is a fundamental paradigm in the statistics of written and spoken natural language as well as in other communication systems. We raise the question of the elementary units for which Zipf's law should hold in the most natural way,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-14 Alvaro Corral , Gemma Boleda , Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho

This paper proposes a new approach to duration modelling for statistical parametric speech synthesis in which a recurrent statistical model is trained to output a phone transition probability at each timestep (acoustic frame). Unlike…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Srikanth Ronanki , Oliver Watts , Simon King , Gustav Eje Henter

Stochastic processes offer a flexible mathematical formalism to model and reason about systems. Most analysis tools, however, start from the premises that models are fully specified, so that any parameters controlling the system's dynamics…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-11 Luca Bortolussi , Guido Sanguinetti

We determine the asymptotic distribution of the sum of correlated variables described by a matrix product ansatz with finite matrices, considering variables with finite variances. In cases when the correlation length is finite, the law of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-01-08 Florian Angeletti , Eric Bertin , Patrice Abry

The distribution of sentence length in ordinary language is not well captured by the existing models. Here we survey previous models of sentence length and present our random walk model that offers both a better fit with the data and a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Gábor Borbély , András Kornai

In this technical note, we first clarify a technical issue in the convergence proof of a free-will arbitrary time (FwAT) consensus law proposed recently in Pal et al. IEEE Trans. Cybern. (2020)[1], making the results questionable. We then…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Quoc Van Tran , Minh Hoang Trinh , Nam Hoai Nguyen , Hyo-Sung Ahn

Natural language data follows a power-law distribution, with most knowledge and skills appearing at very low frequency. While a common intuition suggests that reweighting or curating data towards a uniform distribution may help models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Zixuan Wang , Xingyu Dang , Jason D. Lee , Kaifeng Lyu

We report a detailed and systematic study of wave propagation through a stochastic absorbing random medium. Stochastic absorption is modeled by introducing an attenuation constant per unit length $\alpha$ in the free propagation region of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Sandeep K. Joshi , Debendranath Sahoo , A. M. Jayannavar

While textual frequency has been validated as relevant to human cognition in reading speed, its relatedness to Large Language Models (LLMs) is seldom studied. We propose a novel research direction in terms of textual data frequency, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Hongyuan Adam Lu , Z. L. , Victor Wei , Zefan Zhang , Zhao Hong , Qiqi Xiang , Bowen Cao , Wai Lam

We present two linear relations between an arbitrary (real tempered second order) generalized stochastic process over $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and White Noise processes over $\mathbb{R}^{d}$. The first is that any generalized stochastic process can…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-11-04 R. Carrizo Vergara

It is well known that a random multiplicative process with weak additive noise generates a power-law probability distribution. It has recently been recognized that this process exhibits another type of power law: the moment of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hiroya Nakao

Linguistic norms emerge in human communities because people imitate each other. A shared linguistic system provides people with the benefits of shared knowledge and coordinated planning. Once norms are in place, why would they ever change?…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Janet B. Pierrehumbert , Forrest Stonedahl , Robert Daland

We propose a stochastic model of a fragmentation process, developed by taking into account fragment lifetime as a function of their size based on the Gibrat process. If lifetime is determined by a power function of fragment size, numerical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-22 Shin-ichi Ito , Satoshi Yukawa

Linguistic laws constitute one of the quantitative cornerstones of modern cognitive sciences and have been routinely investigated in written corpora, or in the equivalent transcription of oral corpora. This means that inferences of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-10-11 Ivan Gonzalez Torre , Bartolo Luque , Lucas Lacasa , Jordi Luque , Antoni Hernandez-Fernandez

In a language corpus, the probability that a word occurs $n$ times is often proportional to $1/n^2$. Assigning rank, $s$, to words according to their abundance, $\log s$ vs $\log n$ typically has a slope of minus one. That simple Zipf's law…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-27 Steven A. Frank

Quantitative linguistics has been allowed, in the last few decades, within the admittedly blurry boundaries of the field of complex systems. A growing host of applied mathematicians and statistical physicists devote their efforts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-24 Damián H. Zanette

Zipf's law has been found in many human-related fields, including language, where the frequency of a word is persistently found as a power law function of its frequency rank, known as Zipf's law. However, there is much dispute whether it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Shuiyuan Yu , Chunshan Xu , Haitao Liu

Stochastic averaging principle is a powerful tool for studying qualitative analysis of stochastic dynamical systems with different time-scales. In this paper, we will establish an averaging principle for multiscale stochastic linearly…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-03-14 Peng Gao , Yong Li