English
Related papers

Related papers: Query-by-Example Keyword Spotting Using Spectral-T…

200 papers

Spoken Keyword Spotting (KWS) is the task of distinguishing between the presence and absence of a keyword in audio. The accuracy of a KWS model hinges on its ability to correctly classify examples close to the keyword and non-keyword…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Harry Zhang , Kurt Partridge , Pai Zhu , Neng Chen , Hyun Jin Park , Dhruuv Agarwal , Quan Wang

In the paper we present an architecture of a keyword spotting (KWS) system that is based on modern neural networks, yields good performance on various types of speech data and can run very fast. We focus mainly on the last aspect and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Jan Nouza , Petr Cerva , Jindrich Zdansky

This paper focuses on the problem of query by example spoken term detection (QbE-STD) in zero-resource scenario. State-of-the-art approaches primarily rely on dynamic time warping (DTW) based template matching techniques using phone…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-20 Dhananjay Ram , Lesly Miculicich , Hervé Bourlard

State of the art solutions to query by example spoken term detection (QbE-STD) usually rely on bottleneck feature representation of the query and audio document to perform dynamic time warping (DTW) based template matching. Here, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Dhananjay Ram , Lesly Miculicich , Hervé Bourlard

We propose GE2E-KWS -- a generalized end-to-end training and evaluation framework for customized keyword spotting. Specifically, enrollment utterances are separated and grouped by keywords from the training batch and their embedding…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Jacob W. Bartel , Dhruuv Agarwal , Kurt Partridge , Hyun Jin Park , Quan Wang

This paper introduces neural architecture search (NAS) for the automatic discovery of end-to-end keyword spotting (KWS) models in limited resource environments. We employ a differentiable NAS approach to optimize the structure of…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-15 David Peter , Wolfgang Roth , Franz Pernkopf

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) aims to identify keywords in audio for wide applications, especially on edge devices. Current small-footprint KWS systems focus on efficient model designs. However, their inference performance can decline in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-21 Yang Xiao , Tianyi Peng , Yanghao Zhou , Rohan Kumar Das

This paper introduces a novel approach for streaming openvocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) with text-based keyword enrollment. For every input frame, the proposed method finds the optimal alignment ending at the frame using connectionist…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Sichen Jin , Youngmoon Jung , Seungjin Lee , Jaeyoung Roh , Changwoo Han , Hoonyoung Cho

Keyword spotting (KWS) enables speech-based user interaction and gradually becomes an indispensable component of smart devices. Recently, end-to-end (E2E) methods have become the most popular approach for on-device KWS tasks. However, there…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Jie Wang , Menglong Xu , Jingyong Hou , Binbin Zhang , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Lei Xie , Fuping Pan

Despite the recent successes of deep neural networks, it remains challenging to achieve high precision keyword spotting task (KWS) on resource-constrained devices. In this study, we propose a novel context-aware and compact architecture for…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Xi Chen , Shouyi Yin , Dandan Song , Peng Ouyang , Leibo Liu , Shaojun Wei

One of the challenges in developing a high quality custom keyword spotting (KWS) model is the lengthy and expensive process of collecting training data covering a wide range of languages, phrases and speaking styles. We introduce Synth4Kws…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Pai Zhu , Dhruuv Agarwal , Jacob W. Bartel , Kurt Partridge , Hyun Jin Park , Quan Wang

In this paper we explore the possibility of maximizing the information represented in spectrograms by making the spectrogram basis functions trainable. We experiment with two different tasks, namely keyword spotting (KWS) and automatic…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Kwan Yee Heung , Kin Wai Cheuk , Dorien Herremans

Keyword spotting (KWS) plays a critical role in enabling speech-based user interactions on smart devices. Recent developments in the field of deep learning have led to wide adoption of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in KWS systems due…

Query-by-example (QbE) speech search is the task of matching spoken queries to utterances within a search collection. In low- or zero-resource settings, QbE search is often addressed with approaches based on dynamic time warping (DTW).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Yushi Hu , Shane Settle , Karen Livescu

This paper proposes a novel user-defined keyword spotting framework that accurately detects audio keywords based on text enrollment. Since audio data possesses additional acoustic information compared to text, there are discrepancies…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-23 Youkyum Kim , Jaemin Jung , Jihwan Park , Byeong-Yeol Kim , Joon Son Chung

The performance of the keyword spotting (KWS) system based on audio modality, commonly measured in false alarms and false rejects, degrades significantly under the far field and noisy conditions. Therefore, audio-visual keyword spotting,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Ao Zhang , He Wang , Pengcheng Guo , Yihui Fu , Lei Xie , Yingying Gao , Shilei Zhang , Junlan Feng

Keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for many speech-driven applications, but robust KWS in noisy environments remains challenging. Conventional systems often rely on single-channel inputs and a cascaded pipeline separating front-end…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-11 Rui Wang , Zhifei Zhang , Yu Gao , Xiaofeng Mou , Yi Xu

User-defined keyword spotting (KWS) is crucial for personalized voice interaction, yet existing methods face several challenges: (1) insufficient discriminability among confusable words, (2) performance inconsistency across speakers with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Zhiqi Ai , Han Cheng , Shiyi Mu , Xinnuo Li , Yongjin Zhou , Shugong Xu

For training a few-shot keyword spotting (FS-KWS) model, a large labeled dataset containing massive target keywords has known to be essential to generalize to arbitrary target keywords with only a few enrollment samples. To alleviate the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-10 Dongjune Lee , Minchan Kim , Sung Hwan Mun , Min Hyun Han , Nam Soo Kim

Spoken keyword spotting (KWS) deals with the identification of keywords in audio streams and has become a fast-growing technology thanks to the paradigm shift introduced by deep learning a few years ago. This has allowed the rapid embedding…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Iván López-Espejo , Zheng-Hua Tan , John Hansen , Jesper Jensen