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Motor Imagery (MI) is an emerging Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigm where a person imagines body movements without physical action. By decoding scalp-recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals, BCIs establish direct communication…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jiani Cao , Kun Wang , Yang Liu , Zhenjiang Li

Lengthy subject- or session-specific data acquisition and calibration remain a key barrier to deploying electroencephalography (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) outside the laboratory. Previous work has shown that cross subject,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-18 Ziheng Chen , Po T. Wang , Mina Ibrahim , Shivali Baveja , Rong Mu , An H. Do , Zoran Nenadic

The ability to perceive and recognize objects is fundamental for the interaction with the external environment. Studies that investigate them and their relationship with brain activity changes have been increasing due to the possible…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-31 Jenifer Kalafatovich , Minji Lee , Seong-Whan Lee

Head-based signals such as EEG, EMG, EOG, and ECG collected by wearable systems will play a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of important brain disorder diseases. However, the real-time transmission of the…

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology utilizing electroencephalography (EEG) marks a transformative innovation, empowering motor-impaired individuals to engage with their environment on equal footing. Despite its promising potential,…

Brain-computer interface (BCI) research, while promising, has largely been confined to static and fixed environments, limiting real-world applicability. To move towards practical BCI, we introduce a real-time wireless imagined speech…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ji-Ha Park , Heon-Gyu Kwak , Gi-Hwan Shin , Yoo-In Jeon , Sun-Min Park , Ji-Yeon Hwang , Seong-Whan Lee

Accurate electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern decoding for specific mental tasks is one of the key steps for the development of brain-computer interface (BCI), which is quite challenging due to the considerably low signal-to-noise ratio of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Yu Zhang , Tao Zhou , Wei Wu , Hua Xie , Hongru Zhu , Guoxu Zhou , Andrzej Cichocki

We present a novel approach to EEG decoding for non-invasive brain machine interfaces (BMIs), with a focus on motor-behavior classification. While conventional convolutional architectures such as EEGNet and DeepConvNet are effective in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tian Lan

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a powerful communication tool between users and systems, which enhances the capability of the human brain in communicating and interacting with the environment directly. Advances in neuroscience and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-31 Xiaotong Gu , Zehong Cao , Alireza Jolfaei , Peng Xu , Dongrui Wu , Tzyy-Ping Jung , Chin-Teng Lin

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) use brain signals such as electroencephalography to reflect user intention and enable two-way communication between computers and users. BCI technology has recently received much attention in healthcare…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Byoung-Hee Kwon , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Seong-Whan Lee

An electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enables people to communicate with the outside world by interpreting the EEG signals of their brains to interact with devices such as wheelchairs and intelligent robots.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Quan Z. Sheng , Salil S. Kanhere , Tao Gu , Dalin Zhang

Robotic arms are increasingly being used in collaborative environments, requiring an accurate understanding of human intentions to ensure both effectiveness and safety. Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which measure brain activity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Byeong-Hoo Lee , Kang Yin

There is a correlation between adjacent channels of electroencephalogram (EEG), and how to represent this correlation is an issue that is currently being explored. In addition, due to inter-individual differences in EEG signals, this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-22 Jie Jiao , Meiyan Xu , Qingqing Chen , Hefan Zhou , Wangliang Zhou

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based wearable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and non-stationary neural activity. We introduce in this manuscript a mathematically rigorous framework that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-24 Eva Guttmann-Flury , Shan Zhao , Jian Zhao , Mohamad Sawan

Insufficient data is a long-standing challenge for Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) to build a high-performance deep learning model. Though numerous research groups and institutes collect a multitude of EEG datasets for the same BCI task,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Rui Liu , Yuanyuan Chen , Anran Li , Yi Ding , Han Yu , Cuntai Guan

Brain biometrics based on electroencephalography (EEG) have been used increasingly for personal identification. Traditional machine learning techniques as well as modern day deep learning methods have been applied with promising results. In…

Brain Computer Interface technologies are popular methods of communication between the human brain and external devices. One of the most popular approaches to BCI is Motor Imagery. In BCI applications, the ElectroEncephaloGraphy is a very…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Javier Fumanal-Idocin , Yu-Kai Wang , Chin-Teng Lin , Javier Fernández , Jose Antonio Sanz , Humberto Bustince

Electroencephalography (EEG) classification is a versatile and portable technique for building non-invasive Brain-computer Interfaces (BCI). However, the classifiers that decode cognitive states from EEG brain data perform poorly when…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-25 Anupam Sharma , Krishna Miyapuram

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are often degraded by various noise sources such as baseline wander, motion artifacts, and electromyographic interference, posing a major challenge in clinical settings. This paper presents a lightweight deep…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Mahdi Pirayesh Shirazi Nejad , David Hicks , Matt Valentine , Ki H. Chon

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables direct interaction between humans and computers by analyzing brain signals. Electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the non-invasive tools used in BCI systems, providing high temporal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-18 Hyeon-Taek Han , Dae-Hyeok Lee , Heon-Gyu Kwak