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A phenomenological formalism is presented in which the apparent acceleration of the universe is generated by large-scale structure formation, thus eliminating the magnitude and coincidence fine-tuning problems of the Cosmological Constant…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-06-14 Brett Bochner

The problem of corrections to Einstein's equations arising from averaging of inhomogeneities ("backreaction") in the cosmological context, has gained considerable attention recently. We present results of analysing cosmological perturbation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-27 Aseem Paranjape

We outline the key-steps toward the construction of a physical, fully relativistic cosmology. The influence of inhomogeneities on the effective evolution history of the Universe is encoded in backreaction terms and expressed through…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-07-06 Thomas Buchert

We use cosmological perturbation theory to study the backreaction effects of a self-consistent and well-defined cosmological averaging on the dynamics and the evolution of the Universe. Working with a perturbed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-30 Iain A. Brown , Alan A. Coley , D. Leigh Herman , Joey Latta

The Universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales, so on those scales it is usually modelled as a Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) space-time. The non-linearity of the Einstein field equations raises concern over…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-03-03 Yonadav Barry Ginat

With the era of precision cosmology upon us, and upcoming surveys expected to further improve the precision of our observations below the percent level, ensuring the accuracy of our theoretical cosmological model is of the utmost…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-30 Hayley J. Macpherson

Modelling structure formation across the full dynamical range of the Universe remains a major challenge in cosmology. This difficulty originates from a fundamental limitation of geodesics in general relativity: a one-parameter family of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-16 Obinna Umeh

We examine the implementation of Buchert's and Green & Wald's averaging formalisms in exact spherically symmetric and plane symmetric dust-filled cosmological models. We find that, given a cosmological space-time, Buchert's averaging scheme…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-08 Timothy Clifton , Roberto A. Sussman

Averaged inhomogeneous cosmologies lie at the forefront of interest, since cosmological parameters like the rate of expansion or the mass density are to be considered as volume-averaged quantities and only these can be compared with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas Buchert , Mauro Carfora

We address the challenge, commonly referred to as the cosmological averaging problem, of relating the large-scale evolution of an inhomogeneous universe to that predicted by a homogeneous matter distribution in theories of gravity with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 S. R. Pinto , P. P. Avelino

This is the third paper in a series of four in which we use space adiabatic methods in order to incorporate backreactions among the homogeneous and between the homogeneous and inhomogeneous degrees of freedom in quantum cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-20 S. Schander , T. Thiemann

We construct cosmological models consisting of large numbers of identical, regularly spaced masses. These models do not rely on any averaging procedures, or on the existence of a global Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) background. They are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-18 Timothy Clifton

Cosmological backreaction has been suggested as an explanation of dark energy and is heavily disputed since. We combine cosmological perturbation theory with Buchert's non-perturbative framework, calculate the relevant averaged observables…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Nan Li , Dominik J. Schwarz

Modern cosmology relies on the assumption of large-scale isotropy and homogeneity of the Universe. However, locally the Universe is inhomogeneous and anisotropic. So, how can local measurements (at the 100 Mpc scale) be used to determine…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2012-02-21 Alexander Wiegand , Dominik J. Schwarz

This thesis deals with the averaging problem in cosmology, which has gained considerable interest in recent years, and is concerned with correction terms (after averaging inhomogeneities) that appear in the Einstein equations when working…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-06 Aseem Paranjape

The existence of fluctuations at the early stage of the universe provides enough confidence to rely on averaging methods. However, the nonlinearity of general relativity makes this process extremely difficult. Several methods have been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-11 Ramin Hassannejad

It is generally assumed that on sufficiently large scales the Universe is well-described as a homogeneous, isotropic FRW cosmology with a dark energy. Does the formation of nonlinear cosmic inhomogeneities produce a significant effect on…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-18 T. P. Singh

Due to the non-commutation of spatial averaging and temporal evolution, inhomogeneities and anisotropies (cosmic structures) influence the evolution of the averaged Universe via the cosmological backreaction mechanism. We study the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Nan Li , Dominik J. Schwarz

We revisit the causal backreaction paradigm, in which the need for Dark Energy is eliminated via the generation of an apparent cosmic acceleration from the causal flow of inhomogeneity information coming in towards each observer from…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-23 Brett Bochner

We discuss the effect of curvature and matter inhomogeneities on the averaged scalar curvature of the present-day Universe. Motivated by studies of averaged inhomogeneous cosmologies, we contemplate on the question whether it is sensible to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas Buchert , Mauro Carfora