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A closed, orientable, splitting surface in an oriented $3$-manifold is a topologically minimal surface of index $n$ if its associated disk complex is $(n-2)$-connected but not $(n-1)$-connected. A critical surface is a topologically minimal…
We define refined invariants which "count" nodal curves in sufficiently ample linear systems on surfaces, conjecture that their generating function is multiplicative, and conjecture explicit formulas in the case of K3 and abelian surfaces.…
Invariants underlying shape inference are elusive: a variety of shapes can give rise to the same image, and a variety of images can be rendered from the same shape. The occluding contour is a rare exception: it has both image salience, in…
Motivated by the large ammount of results obtained for minimal and positive constant mean curvature surfaces in several ambient spaces, the aim of this paper is to obtain half-space theorems for properly immersed surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$…
This essay, an excerpt of the author's Ph.D. in Philosophy of mathematics (2012) thought of as being a companion to recent discoveries of new explicit Cartan geometry curvatures, analyzes how Gauss, after having devised the isometrically…
We introduce a description of a minimal surface in a space with boundary, as the world-hypersurface that the entangling surface traces. It does so by evolving from the boundary to the interior of the bulk under an appropriate geometric…
Let $f \colon X \to X$ be a surjective endomorphism of a normal projective surface. When $\operatorname{deg} f \geq 2$, applying an (iteration of) $f$-equivariant minimal model program (EMMP), we determine the geometric structure of $X$.…
We consider a connected negative definite plumbing graph, and we assume that the associated plumbed 3-manifold is a rational homology sphere. We provide two new combinatorial formulae for the Seiberg-Witten invariant of this manifold. The…
A convex projective surface is the quotient of a properly convex open $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{P}(\R)$ by a discret subgroup $\Gamma$ of $\mathrm{SL}_3(\R)$. We give some caracterisations of the fact that a convex projective surface is of…
We prove that the image of an isometric embedding into ${\mathbb R}^3$ of a two dimensionnal complete Riemannian manifold $(\Sigma, g)$ without boundary is a convex surface provided both the embedding and the metric $g$ enjoy a…
Extending the notion of monodromies associated with open books of $3$-manifolds, we consider monodromies for all incompressible surfaces in $3$-manifolds as partial self-maps of the arc set of the surfaces. We use them to develop a…
The recently established threshold theorem for energy critical wave maps states that wave maps with energy less than that of the ground state (i.e., a minimal energy nontrivial harmonic map) are globally regular and scatter on…
We devise a geometric description of bounded systems at criticality in any dimension $d$. This is achieved by altering the flat metric with a space dependent scale factor $\gamma(x)$, $x$ belonging to a general bounded domain $\Omega$.…
Considering the tangent plane at a point to a surface in the four-dimensional Euclidean space, we find an invariant of a pair of two tangents in this plane. If this invariant is zero, the two tangents are said to be conjugate. When the two…
In this paper we extend Efimov's Theorem by proving that any complete surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with Gauss curvature bounded above by a negative constant outside a compact set has finite total curvature, finite area and is properly…
Extending Culler-Shalen theory, Hara and the second author presented a way to construct certain kinds of branched surfaces in a $3$-manifold from an ideal point of a curve in the $\operatorname{SL}_n$-character variety. There exists an…
End sum is a natural operation for combining two noncompact manifolds and has been used to construct various manifolds with interesting properties. The uniqueness of end sum has been well-studied in dimensions three and higher. We study end…
A non-negative integer invariant, estimating from below the number of geometrically different critical points of a smooth function $f$ defined in the 2-disk, $f:\mathbb{B}^{2}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$, is considered. (We denote it by…
First introduced to describe surfaces embedded in $\mathbb{R}^3$, the Willmore invariant is a conformally-invariant extrinsic scalar curvature of a surface that vanishes when the surface minimizes bending and stretching. Both this invariant…
We study the rigidity of complete, embedded constant mean curvature surfaces in R^3. Among other things, we prove that when such a surface has finite genus, then intrinsic isometries of the surface extend to isometries of R^3 or its…