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Related papers: Composition, Structure and Origin of the Moon

200 papers

The Earth, Venus, Mars, and some extrasolar terrestrial planets have a mass and radius that is consistent with a mass fraction of about 30% metallic core and 70% silicate mantle. At the inner frontier of the solar system, Mercury has a…

According to the giant impact theory, the Moon formed by accreting the circum-terrestrial debris disk produced by Theia colliding with the proto-Earth. The giant impact theory can explain most of the properties of the Earth-Moon system,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-15 Wenshuai Liu

Overabundances in highly siderophile elements (HSEs) of Earth's mantle can be explained by conveyance from a singular, immense (3000 km in a diameter) "Late Veneer" impactor of chondritic composition, subsequent to lunar formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-18 H. Genda , R. Brasser , S. J. Mojzsis

We estimate the fluxes of heat and antineutrinos due to primordial radioactivity within the moon. We use a radial density profile, specifying an inner core and a model-averaged crust. Thickness, density, and elevation of the lunar crust are…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-07-02 Steve Dye , Andrew Barna

Terrestrial and lunar rocks share chemical and isotopic similarities in refractory elements, suggestive of a common precursor. By contrast, the marked depletion of volatile elements in lunar rocks together with their enrichment in heavy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-27 Paolo A. Sossi , Frédéric Moynier , Kirsten van Zuilen

Events following the giant impact formation of the Moon are thought to have led to volatile depletion and concurrent mass-dependent fractionation of the isotopes of moderately volatile elements (MVE). The detailed processes and conditions…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-16 Elishevah van Kooten , Frédéric Moynier , James Day

Similarities in the non-mass dependent isotopic composition of refractory elements with the bulk silicate Earth suggest that both the Earth and the Moon formed from the same material reservoir. On the other hand, the Moon's volatile…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Gustavo Madeira , Leandro Esteves , Sebastien Charnoz , Elena Lega , Frederic Moynier

The importance of highly siderophile elements (HSEs) to track planetary late accretion has long been recognized. However, the precise nature of the Moon's accretional history remains enigmatic. There exists a significant mismatch of HSE…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-30 Meng-Hua Zhu , Natalia Artemieva , Alessandro Morbidelli , Qing-Zhu Yin , Harry Becker , Kai Wunnemann

The Earth's Moon is thought to have formed from a circumterrestrial disk generated by a giant impact between the proto-Earth and an impactor approximately 4.5 billion years ago. Since the impact was energetic, the disk would have been hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-31 Miki Nakajima , David J. Stevenson

The distribution and isotopic composition of volatile elements in planetary materials holds a key to the characterization of the early solar system and the Moon's formation. The Moon and Earth are chemically and isotopically very similar.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-11 Chizu Kato , Frederic Moynier

Despite its importance to questions of lunar origin, the chemical composition of the Moon is not precisely known. In recent years, however, the isotopic composition of lunar samples has been determined to high precision and found to be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-27 Kaveh Pahlevan , David Stevenson , John Eiler

It is generally accepted that silicate-metal (`rocky') planet formation relies on coagulation from a mixture of sub-Mars sized planetary embryos and (smaller) planetesimals that dynamically emerge from the evolving circum-solar disc in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-26 R. Brasser , S. J. Mojzsis , S. C. Werner , S. Matsumura , S. Ida

The bulk density of a planet, as measured by mass and radius, is a result of planet structure and composition. Relative proportions of iron core, rocky mantle, and gaseous envelopes are degenerate for a given density. This degeneracy is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-06-01 J. G. Schulze , Ji Wang , J. A. Johnson , B. S. Gaudi , C. T. Unterborn , W. R. Panero

Metal-rich asteroids and iron meteorites are considered core remnants of differentiated planetesimals and or products of oxygen-depleted accretion. Investigating the origins of iron-rich planetesimals could provide key insights into planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-12 Terry-Ann Suer , Edgar S. Steenstra , Simone Marchi , John A. Tarduno , Ilaria Pascucci

We use a hybrid numerical approach to simulate the formation of the Moon from an impact-generated disk, consisting of a fluid model for the disk inside the Roche limit and an N-body code to describe accretion outside the Roche limit. As the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Julien Salmon , Robin M. Canup

Despite the fact that the terrestrial planets formed from the protoplanetary disk, their compositions show marked departures from that of solar nebula condensates. Metallic cores fix oxygen fugacities ($f$O$_2$s) of the planets to 5…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-02 Paolo A. Sossi , Remco C. Hin , Thorsten Kleine , Alessandro Morbidelli , Francis Nimmo

The bulk chemical compositions of planets are uncertain, even for major elements such as Mg and Si. This is due to the fact that the samples available for study all originate from relatively shallow depths. Comparison of the stable isotope…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-08-06 Nicolas Dauphas , Franck Poitrasson , Christoph Burkhardt , Hiroshi Kobayashi , Kosuke Kurosawa

Crystallization of the lunar magma ocean yielded a chemically unique liquid residuum named KREEP. This component is expressed as a large patch on the near side of the Moon, and a possible smaller patch in the northwest portion of the Moon's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-28 Nicolas Dauphas , Zhe J. Zhang , Xi Chen , Mélanie Barboni , Dawid Szymanowski , Blair Schoene , Ingo Leya , Kevin D. McKeegan

The Moon is generally thought to have formed from the debris ejected by the impact of a planet-sized object with the proto-Earth towards the end of planetary accretion. Modeling of the impact process predicts that the lunar material was…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-19 Kaveh Pahlevan , Alessandro Morbidelli

The problem of the formation of the Moon is still not explained satisfactorily. While it is a generally accepted scenario that the last giant impact on Earth between some 50 to 100 million years after the starting of the formation of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-07-01 Rudolf Dvorak , Birgit Loibnegger , Thomas I. Maindl