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Recently, the dynamics of quantum systems that involve both unitary evolution and quantum measurements have attracted attention due to the exotic phenomenon of measurement-induced phase transitions. The latter refers to a sudden change in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Ryotaro Suzuki , Jonas Haferkamp , Jens Eisert , Philippe Faist

The concept of quantum complexity has far-reaching implications spanning theoretical computer science, quantum many-body physics, and high energy physics. The quantum complexity of a unitary transformation or quantum state is defined as the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-02 Fernando G. S. L. Brandão , Wissam Chemissany , Nicholas Hunter-Jones , Richard Kueng , John Preskill

Quantum complexity quantifies the difficulty of preparing a state or implementing a unitary transformation with limited resources. Applications range from quantum computation to condensed matter physics and quantum gravity. We seek to…

Quantum complexity is a measure of the minimal number of elementary operations required to approximately prepare a given state or unitary channel. Recently, this concept has found applications beyond quantum computing -- in studying the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Michał Oszmaniec , Marcin Kotowski , Michał Horodecki , Nicholas Hunter-Jones

Quantum circuit complexity-a measure of the minimum number of gates needed to implement a given unitary transformation-is a fundamental concept in quantum computation, with widespread applications ranging from determining the running time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 Kaifeng Bu , Roy J. Garcia , Arthur Jaffe , Dax Enshan Koh , Lu Li

Quantum computation offers a promising new kind of information processing, where the non-classical features of quantum mechanics can be harnessed and exploited. A number of models of quantum computation exist, including the now well-studied…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-03 H. J. Briegel , D. E. Browne , W. Dür , R. Raussendorf , M. Van den Nest

Quantum complexity measures the difficulty of obtaining a given state starting from a typically unentangled state. In this work, we show that complexity, when defined through the minimization of a Riemannian cost functional over the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Nadir Samos Sáenz de Buruaga

Characterizing the quantum complexity of local random quantum circuits is a very deep problem with implications to the seemingly disparate fields of quantum information theory, quantum many-body physics and high energy physics. While our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-03 Jason Iaconis

In this article, we investigate the quantum circuit complexity and entanglement entropy in the recently studied black hole gas framework using the two-mode squeezed states formalism written in arbitrary dimensional spatially flat…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-09-03 Kiran Adhikari , Sayantan Choudhury , Satyaki Chowdhury , K. Shirish , Abinash Swain

Quantum technology has been rapidly growing due to its potential revolutionary applications. In particular, superconducting qubits provide a strong light-matter interaction as required for quantum computation and in principle can be scaled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-23 Mahdi Naghiloo

Computational complexity is a new quantum information concept that may play an important role in holography and in understanding the physics of the black hole interior. We consider quantum computational complexity for $n$ qubits using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-21 Roberto Auzzi , Stefano Baiguera , G. Bruno De Luca , Andrea Legramandi , Giuseppe Nardelli , Nicolò Zenoni

Quantum embedding theories are promising approaches to investigate strongly-correlated electronic states of active regions of large-scale molecular or condensed systems. Notable examples are spin defects in semiconductors and insulators. We…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-12-14 He Ma , Nan Sheng , Marco Govoni , Giulia Galli

In the rapidly evolving field of quantum computing, quantifying circuit complexity remains a critical challenge. This paper introduces Character Complexity, a novel measure that bridges Group-theoretic concepts with practical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Daksh Shami

Quantum data loading plays a central role in quantum algorithms and quantum information processing. Many quantum algorithms hinge on the ability to prepare arbitrary superposition states as a subroutine, with claims of exponential speedups…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Chun-Tse Li , Hao-Chung Cheng

In this article, we investigate various physical implications of quantum circuit complexity using squeezed state formalism of Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGW). Recently quantum information theoretic concepts, such as entanglement…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-03-07 Kiran Adhikari , Sayantan Choudhury , Hardey N. Pandya , Rohan Srivastava

Characterizing complexity and criticality in quantum systems requires diagnostics that are both computationally tractable and physically insightful. We apply a measure of quantum state complexity for n-qubit systems, defined as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Imre Varga

Understanding the complexity of quantum states and circuits is a central challenge in quantum information science, with broad implications in many-body physics, high-energy physics and quantum learning theory. A common way to model the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Oxana Shaya , Zoë Holmes , Christoph Hirche , Armando Angrisani

Inspired by the close relationship between Kolmogorov complexity and unsupervised machine learning, we explore quantum circuit complexity, an important concept in quantum computation and quantum information science, as a pivot to understand…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Yanming Che , Clemens Gneiting , Xiaoguang Wang , Franco Nori

The optimization of quantum circuit depth is crucial for practical quantum computing, as limited coherence times and error-prone operations constrain executable algorithms. Measurement and feedback operations are fundamental in quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Wei Zi , Junhong Nie , Xiaoming Sun

Gate-based universal quantum computation is formulated in terms of two types of operations: local single-qubit gates, which are typically easily implementable, and two-qubit entangling gates, whose faithful implementation remains one of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Xiaoqin Gao , Paul Appel , Nicolai Friis , Martin Ringbauer , Marcus Huber
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