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Contrastive learning constitutes an emerging branch of self-supervised learning that leverages large amounts of unlabeled data, by learning a latent space, where pairs of different views of the same sample are associated. In this paper, we…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-12 Christos Garoufis , Athanasia Zlatintsi , Petros Maragos

In this work, we aim to consider the application of contrastive learning in the scenario of the recommendation system adequately, making it more suitable for recommendation task. We propose a learning paradigm called supervised contrastive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Chun Yang

The underlying correlation between audio and visual modalities can be utilized to learn supervised information for unlabeled videos. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end self-supervised framework named Audio-Visual Contrastive Learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yang Liu , Ying Tan , Haoyuan Lan

Unsupervised audio-visual source localization aims at localizing visible sound sources in a video without relying on ground-truth localization for training. Previous works often seek high audio-visual similarities for likely positive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Shentong Mo , Pedro Morgado

Contrastive self-supervised learning (SSL) learns an embedding space that maps similar data pairs closer and dissimilar data pairs farther apart. Despite its success, one issue has been overlooked: the fairness aspect of representations…

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as positives that should be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault , Stéphane Canu

Real-world sound scenes consist of time-varying collections of sound sources, each generating characteristic sound events that are mixed together in audio recordings. The association of these constituent sound events with their mixture and…

Supervised contrastive learning (SCL) frameworks treat each class as independent and thus consider all classes to be equally important. This neglects the common scenario in which label hierarchy exists, where fine-grained classes under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Ruixue Lian , William A. Sethares , Junjie Hu

Sign language recognition (SLR) is a machine learning task aiming to identify signs in videos. Due to the scarcity of annotated data, unsupervised methods like contrastive learning have become promising in this field. They learn meaningful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ariel Basso Madjoukeng , Jérôme Fink , Pierre Poitier , Edith Belise Kenmogne , Benoit Frenay

Contrastive Learning (CL) enhances the training of sequential recommendation (SR) models through informative self-supervision signals. Existing methods often rely on data augmentation strategies to create positive samples and promote…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhikai Wang , Yanyan Shen , Zexi Zhang , Li He , Yichun Li , Hao Gu , Yinghua Zhang

Audio-visual sound source localization task aims to spatially localize sound-making objects within visual scenes by integrating visual and audio cues. However, existing methods struggle with accurately localizing sound-making objects in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Sung Jin Um , Dongjin Kim , Sangmin Lee , Jung Uk Kim

Self-supervised learning has recently shown great potential in vision tasks through contrastive learning, which aims to discriminate each image, or instance, in the dataset. However, such instance-level learning ignores the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Tsai-Shien Chen , Wei-Chih Hung , Hung-Yu Tseng , Shao-Yi Chien , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Large-scale pre-trained image-text models exhibit robust multimodal representations, yet applying the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model to audio-visual localization remains challenging. Replacing the classification token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Khanh Binh Nguyen , Chae Jung Park

Self-supervised learning has been widely used to obtain transferrable representations from unlabeled images. Especially, recent contrastive learning methods have shown impressive performances on downstream image classification tasks. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Byungseok Roh , Wuhyun Shin , Ildoo Kim , Sungwoong Kim

Learning from large amounts of unsupervised data and a small amount of supervision is an important open problem in computer vision. We propose a new semi-supervised learning method, Semantic Positives via Pseudo-Labels (SemPPL), that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Matko Bošnjak , Pierre H. Richemond , Nenad Tomasev , Florian Strub , Jacob C. Walker , Felix Hill , Lars Holger Buesing , Razvan Pascanu , Charles Blundell , Jovana Mitrovic

This paper introduces a semi-supervised contrastive learning framework and its application to text-independent speaker verification. The proposed framework employs generalized contrastive loss (GCL). GCL unifies losses from two different…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-09 Nakamasa Inoue , Keita Goto

This paper investigates negative sampling for contrastive learning in the context of audio-text retrieval. The strategy for negative sampling refers to selecting negatives (either audio clips or textual descriptions) from a pool of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-20 Huang Xie , Okko Räsänen , Tuomas Virtanen

Recently, speech separation (SS) task has achieved remarkable progress driven by deep learning technique. However, it is still challenging to separate target speech from noisy mixture, as the neural model is vulnerable to assign background…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zizheng Zhang , Chen Chen , Hsin-Hung Chen , Xiang Liu , Yuchen Hu , Eng Siong Chng

Contrastive learning, especially self-supervised contrastive learning (SSCL), has achieved great success in extracting powerful features from unlabeled data. In this work, we contribute to the theoretical understanding of SSCL and uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Tianyang Hu , Zhili Liu , Fengwei Zhou , Wenjia Wang , Weiran Huang