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Sampling-based motion planning is a well-established approach in autonomous driving, valued for its modularity and analytical tractability. In complex urban scenarios, however, uniform or heuristic sampling often produces many infeasible or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Korbinian Moller , Roland Stroop , Mattia Piccinini , Alexander Langmann , Johannes Betz

This paper introduces an open-source, decentralized framework named SigmaRL, designed to enhance both sample efficiency and generalization of multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (RL) for motion planning of connected and automated vehicles.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jianye Xu , Pan Hu , Bassam Alrifaee

A safe and efficient decision-making system is crucial for autonomous vehicles. However, the complexity of driving environments limits the effectiveness of many rule-based and machine learning approaches. Reinforcement Learning (RL), with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Rongliang Zhou , Jiakun Huang , Mingjun Li , Hepeng Li , Haotian Cao , Xiaolin Song

Reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for data science decision-making but suffers from sample inefficiency, particularly in real-world scenarios with costly physical interactions. This paper introduces a novel human-inspired framework to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Ali Beikmohammadi , Sindri Magnússon

The problem of path planning has been studied for years. Classic planning pipelines, including perception, mapping, and path searching, can result in latency and compounding errors between modules. While recent studies have demonstrated the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Fan Yang , Chen Wang , Cesar Cadena , Marco Hutter

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown remarkable progress in simulation environments, yet its application to real-world robotic tasks remains limited due to challenges in exploration and generalization. To address these issues, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Amisha Bhaskar , Zahiruddin Mahammad , Sachin R Jadhav , Pratap Tokekar

Sampling-based trajectory planners are widely used for agile autonomous driving due to their ability to generate fast, smooth, and kinodynamically feasible trajectories. However, their behavior is often governed by a cost function with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alexander Langmann , Yevhenii Tokarev , Mattia Piccinini , Korbinian Moller , Johannes Betz

In recent years, imitation-based driving planners have reported considerable success. However, due to the absence of a standardized benchmark, the effectiveness of various designs remains unclear. The newly released nuPlan addresses this…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Jie Cheng , Yingbing Chen , Xiaodong Mei , Bowen Yang , Bo Li , Ming Liu

When autonomous vehicles are deployed on public roads, they will encounter countless and diverse driving situations. Many manually designed driving policies are difficult to scale to the real world. Fortunately, reinforcement learning has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Letian Wang , Jie Liu , Hao Shao , Wenshuo Wang , Ruobing Chen , Yu Liu , Steven L. Waslander

Advanced vehicle control is a fundamental building block in the development of autonomous driving systems. Reinforcement learning (RL) promises to achieve control performance superior to classical approaches while keeping computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Bernd Frauenknecht , Tobias Ehlgen , Sebastian Trimpe

Traffic simulation is an essential tool for transportation infrastructure planning, intelligent traffic control policy learning, and traffic flow analysis. Its effectiveness relies heavily on the realism of the simulators used. Traditional…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Longchao Da , Chen Chu , Weinan Zhang , Hua Wei

Achieving a proper balance between planning quality, safety and efficiency is a major challenge for autonomous driving. Optimisation-based motion planners are capable of producing safe, smooth and comfortable plans, but often at the cost of…

En Route Travel Time Estimation (ER-TTE) aims to learn driving patterns from traveled routes to achieve rapid and accurate real-time predictions. However, existing methods ignore the complexity and dynamism of real-world traffic systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zhihan Zheng , Haitao Yuan , Minxiao Chen , Shangguang Wang

In recent years, imitation learning (IL) has been widely used in industry as the core of autonomous vehicle (AV) planning modules. However, previous IL works show sample inefficiency and low generalisation in safety-critical scenarios, on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Yurui Du , Flavia Sofia Acerbo , Jens Kober , Tong Duy Son

This study presents a dynamic safety margin-based reinforcement learning framework for local motion planning in dynamic and uncertain environments. The proposed planner integrates real-time trajectory optimization with adaptive gap…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Tengfei Liu , Haoyang Zhong , Jiazheng Hu , Tan Zhang

End-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving aims to directly map sensory observations to driving actions, but its real-world deployment is hindered by evolving data distributions and the high cost of continual annotation. While combining imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ziang Guo , Chen Min , Xuefeng Zhang , Yixiao Zhou , Shuo Wang , Sifa Zheng , Dzmitry Tsetserukou , Zufeng Zhang

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) is anticipated to exhibit higher sample efficiency compared to model-free RL by utilizing a virtual environment model. However, it is challenging to obtain sufficiently accurate representations of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Zihao Sheng , Zilin Huang , Sikai Chen

This paper introduces a learning-based visual planner for agile drone flight in cluttered environments. The proposed planner generates collision-free waypoints in milliseconds, enabling drones to perform agile maneuvers in complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Minwoo Kim , Geunsik Bae , Jinwoo Lee , Woojae Shin , Changseung Kim , Myong-Yol Choi , Heejung Shin , Hyondong Oh

End-to-end autonomous driving is typically built upon imitation learning (IL), yet its performance is constrained by the quality of human demonstrations. To overcome this limitation, recent methods incorporate reinforcement learning (RL)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhexi Lian , Haoran Wang , Xuerun Yan , Weimeng Lin , Xianhong Zhang , Yongyu Chen , Jia Hu

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents have been widely used to improve networking tasks. However, understanding the decisions made by these agents is essential for their broader adoption in networking and network management. To address this,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yeison Stiven Murcia , Oscar Mauricio Caicedo , Daniela Maria Casas , Nelson Luis Saldanha da Fonseca