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Recent speech language models rely on encoders that are optimized separately from autoregressive models. Since these encoders are unaware of the downstream objectives, the extracted representations may not be optimal for downstream tasks.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-29 Sung-Lin Yeh , Wei Zhou , Gil Keren , Duc Le , Zhong Meng , Hao Tang , Jay Mahadeokar , Ozlem Kalinli , Alexandre Mourachko

Although neural text-to-speech (TTS) models have attracted a lot of attention and succeeded in generating human-like speech, there is still room for improvements to its naturalness and architectural efficiency. In this work, we propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-06 Myeonghun Jeong , Hyeongju Kim , Sung Jun Cheon , Byoung Jin Choi , Nam Soo Kim

In neural dialogue modeling, a neural network is trained to predict the next utterance, and at inference time, an approximate decoding algorithm is used to generate next utterances given previous ones. While this autoregressive framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Ilia Kulikov , Jason Lee , Kyunghyun Cho

Comparing with traditional text-to-speech (TTS) systems, conversational TTS systems are required to synthesize speeches with proper speaking style confirming to the conversational context. However, state-of-the-art context modeling methods…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Jingbei Li , Yi Meng , Chenyi Li , Zhiyong Wu , Helen Meng , Chao Weng , Dan Su

Discrete audio tokens derived from self-supervised learning models have gained widespread usage in speech generation. However, current practice of directly utilizing audio tokens poses challenges for sequence modeling due to the length of…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Feiyu Shen , Yiwei Guo , Chenpeng Du , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

Conditional neural text generation models generate high-quality outputs, but often concentrate around a mode when what we really want is a diverse set of options. We present a search algorithm to construct lattices encoding a massive number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Jiacheng Xu , Siddhartha Reddy Jonnalagadda , Greg Durrett

We describe a sequence-to-sequence neural network which directly generates speech waveforms from text inputs. The architecture extends the Tacotron model by incorporating a normalizing flow into the autoregressive decoder loop. Output…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ron J. Weiss , RJ Skerry-Ryan , Eric Battenberg , Soroosh Mariooryad , Diederik P. Kingma

Text-to-Speech (TTS) models have advanced significantly, aiming to accurately replicate human speech's diversity, including unique speaker identities and linguistic nuances. Despite these advancements, achieving an optimal balance between…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Jinhyeok Yang , Junhyeok Lee , Hyeong-Seok Choi , Seunghun Ji , Hyeongju Kim , Juheon Lee

Recent prompt-based text-to-speech (TTS) models can clone an unseen speaker using only a short speech prompt. They leverage a strong in-context ability to mimic the speech prompts, including speaker style, prosody, and emotion. Therefore,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jinlong Xue , Yayue Deng , Yingming Gao , Ya Li

Reference-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) models can generate multiple, prosodically-different renditions of the same target text. Such models jointly learn a latent acoustic space during training, which can be sampled from during inference.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Atli Thor Sigurgeirsson , Simon King

There has been a significant progress in Text-To-Speech (TTS) synthesis technology in recent years, thanks to the advancement in neural generative modeling. However, existing methods on any-speaker adaptive TTS have achieved unsatisfactory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-15 Minki Kang , Dongchan Min , Sung Ju Hwang

With the rapid progress of speech language models (SLMs), discrete speech tokens have emerged as a core interface between speech and text, enabling unified modeling across modalities. Recent speech tokenization approaches aim to isolate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Daejin Jo , Jeeyoung Yun , Byungseok Roh , Sungwoong Kim

The latency bottleneck of traditional text-to-speech (TTS) systems fundamentally hinders the potential of streaming large language models (LLMs) in conversational AI. These TTS systems, typically trained and inferenced on complete…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Richard He Bai , Zijin Gu , Tatiana Likhomanenko , Navdeep Jaitly

We introduce a text-to-speech(TTS) framework based on a neural transducer. We use discretized semantic tokens acquired from wav2vec2.0 embeddings, which makes it easy to adopt a neural transducer for the TTS framework enjoying its monotonic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-09 Minchan Kim , Myeonghun Jeong , Byoung Jin Choi , Dongjune Lee , Nam Soo Kim

Temporal sentence grounding (TSG) is an important yet challenging task in multimedia information retrieval. Although previous TSG methods have achieved decent performance, they tend to capture the selection biases of frequently appeared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Daizong Liu , Xiaoye Qu , Wei Hu

Current end-to-end spoken language models (SLMs) have made notable progress, yet they still encounter considerable response latency. This delay primarily arises from the autoregressive generation of speech tokens and the reliance on complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yuhao Wang , Ziyang Cheng , Heyang Liu , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Spoken term detection (STD) is often hindered by reliance on frame-level features and the computationally intensive DTW-based template matching, limiting its practicality. To address these challenges, we propose a novel approach that…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 Anup Singh , Kris Demuynck , Vipul Arora

Top-$k$ decoding is a widely used method for sampling from LLMs: at each token, only the largest $k$ next-token-probabilities are kept, and the next token is sampled after re-normalizing them to sum to unity. Top-$k$ and other sampling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Georgy Noarov , Soham Mallick , Tao Wang , Sunay Joshi , Yan Sun , Yangxinyu Xie , Mengxin Yu , Edgar Dobriban

Recent Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems trained on reading or acted corpora have achieved near human-level naturalness. The diversity of human speech, however, often goes beyond the coverage of these corpora. We believe the ability to handle…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-09 Li-Wei Chen , Shinji Watanabe , Alexander Rudnicky

Artificial speech synthesis has made a great leap in terms of naturalness as recent Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems are capable of producing speech with similar quality to human recordings. However, not all speaking styles are easy to model:…