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The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into autonomous driving has attracted growing interest for their strong reasoning and semantic understanding abilities, which are essential for handling complex decision-making and long-tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Thomas Monninger , Shaoyuan Xie , Qi Alfred Chen , Sihao Ding

Dense Bird's Eye View (BEV) semantic maps are central to autonomous driving, yet current multi-camera methods depend on costly, inconsistently annotated BEV ground truth. We address this limitation with a two-phase training strategy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Daniel Busch , Christian Bohn , Thomas Kurbiel , Klaus Friedrichs , Richard Meyes , Tobias Meisen

Most automated driving systems comprise a diverse sensor set, including several cameras, Radars, and LiDARs, ensuring a complete 360\deg coverage in near and far regions. Unlike Radar and LiDAR, which measure directly in 3D, cameras capture…

Depth estimation is a cornerstone of perception in autonomous driving and robotic systems. The considerable cost and relatively sparse data acquisition of LiDAR systems have led to the exploration of cost-effective alternatives, notably,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yucheng Mao , Ruowen Zhao , Tianbao Zhang , Hang Zhao

3D object detection in Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) space has recently emerged as a prevalent approach in the field of autonomous driving. Despite the demonstrated improvements in accuracy and velocity estimation compared to perspective view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yuxin Li , Qiang Han , Mengying Yu , Yuxin Jiang , Chaikiat Yeo , Yiheng Li , Zihang Huang , Nini Liu , Hsuanhan Chen , Xiaojun Wu

Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) semantic segmentation provides comprehensive environmental perception for autonomous driving but suffers multi-modal misalignment and sensor noise. We propose RESAR-BEV, a progressive refinement framework that advances…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Zhiwen Zeng , Yunfei Yin , Zheng Yuan , Argho Dey , Xianjian Bao

3D visual perception tasks, including 3D detection and map segmentation based on multi-camera images, are essential for autonomous driving systems. In this work, we present a new framework termed BEVFormer, which learns unified BEV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Zhiqi Li , Wenhai Wang , Hongyang Li , Enze Xie , Chonghao Sima , Tong Lu , Qiao Yu , Jifeng Dai

Bird's-eye-view (BEV) grid is a typical representation of the perception of road components, e.g., drivable area, in autonomous driving. Most existing approaches rely on cameras only to perform segmentation in BEV space, which is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Shubhankar Borse , Senthil Yogamani , Marvin Klingner , Varun Ravi , Hong Cai , Abdulaziz Almuzairee , Fatih Porikli

World models have attracted increasing attention in autonomous driving for their ability to forecast potential future scenarios. In this paper, we propose BEVWorld, a novel framework that transforms multimodal sensor inputs into a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Yumeng Zhang , Shi Gong , Kaixin Xiong , Xiaoqing Ye , Xiaofan Li , Xiao Tan , Fan Wang , Jizhou Huang , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Recent vision-only perception models for autonomous driving achieved promising results by encoding multi-view image features into Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) space. A critical step and the main bottleneck of these methods is transforming image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Jiayu Yang , Enze Xie , Miaomiao Liu , Jose M. Alvarez

Multi-sensor fusion is essential for an accurate and reliable autonomous driving system. Recent approaches are based on point-level fusion: augmenting the LiDAR point cloud with camera features. However, the camera-to-LiDAR projection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Zhijian Liu , Haotian Tang , Alexander Amini , Xinyu Yang , Huizi Mao , Daniela Rus , Song Han

Birds-eye-view (BEV) semantic segmentation is critical for autonomous driving for its powerful spatial representation ability. It is challenging to estimate the BEV semantic maps from monocular images due to the spatial gap, since it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-22 Shi Gong , Xiaoqing Ye , Xiao Tan , Jingdong Wang , Errui Ding , Yu Zhou , Xiang Bai

Bird's-Eye View (BEV) Perception has received increasing attention in recent years as it provides a concise and unified spatial representation across views and benefits a diverse set of downstream driving applications. At the same time,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Alexander Swerdlow , Runsheng Xu , Bolei Zhou

Semantic Bird's Eye View (BEV) maps offer a rich representation with strong occlusion reasoning for various decision making tasks in autonomous driving. However, most BEV mapping approaches employ a fully supervised learning paradigm that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Nikhil Gosala , Kürsat Petek , B Ravi Kiran , Senthil Yogamani , Paulo Drews-Jr , Wolfram Burgard , Abhinav Valada

Visual bird's eye view (BEV) perception, due to its excellent perceptual capabilities, is progressively replacing costly LiDAR-based perception systems, especially in the realm of urban intelligent driving. However, this type of perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Lei He , Qiaoyi Wang , Honglin Sun , Qing Xu , Bolin Gao , Shengbo Eben Li , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

Birds-Eye-View (BEV) segmentation aims to establish a spatial mapping from the perspective view to the top view and estimate the semantic maps from monocular images. Recent studies have encountered difficulties in view transformation due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jiawei Zhao , Qixing Jiang , Xuede Li , Junfeng Luo

Closing the domain gap between training and deployment and incorporating multiple sensor modalities are two challenging yet critical topics for self-driving. Existing work only focuses on single one of the above topics, overlooking the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Yunze Man , Liang-Yan Gui , Yu-Xiong Wang

Autonomous navigation requires scene understanding of the action-space to move or anticipate events. For planner agents moving on the ground plane, such as autonomous vehicles, this translates to scene understanding in the bird's-eye view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Yigit Baran Can , Alexander Liniger , Ozan Unal , Danda Paudel , Luc Van Gool

In the field of autonomous driving, Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) perception has attracted increasing attention in the community since it provides more comprehensive information compared with pinhole front-view images and panoramas. Traditional BEV…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Jiale Wei , Junwei Zheng , Ruiping Liu , Jie Hu , Jiaming Zhang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

A semantic map of the road scene, covering fundamental road elements, is an essential ingredient in autonomous driving systems. It provides important perception foundations for positioning and planning when rendered in the Bird's-Eye-View…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Siyu Li , Kailun Yang , Hao Shi , Jiaming Zhang , Jiacheng Lin , Zhifeng Teng , Zhiyong Li