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The generation of high-quality medical time series data is essential for advancing healthcare diagnostics and safeguarding patient privacy. Specifically, synthesizing realistic phonocardiogram (PCG) signals offers significant potential as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Ainaz Jamshidi , Muhammad Arif , Sabir Ali Kalhoro , Alexander Gelbukh

Electrocardiogram (ECG) datasets tend to be highly imbalanced due to the scarcity of abnormal cases. Additionally, the use of real patients' ECGs is highly regulated due to privacy issues. Therefore, there is always a need for more ECG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Edmond Adib , Fatemeh Afghah , John J. Prevost

To address an emerging need for large number of diverse datasets for rigor evaluation of signal processing techniques, we developed and evaluated a new method for generating synthetic electrogastrogram time series. We used…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-09 Nadica Miljković , Nikola Milenić , Nenad B. Popović , Jaka Sodnik

Electroencephalogram (EEG) data is crucial for diagnosing mental health conditions but is costly and time-consuming to collect at scale. Synthetic data generation offers a promising solution to augment datasets for machine learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Gideon Vos , Maryam Ebrahimpour , Liza van Eijk , Zoltan Sarnyai , Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi

Generating synthetic ECG data has numerous applications in healthcare, from educational purposes to simulating scenarios and forecasting trends. While recent diffusion models excel at generating short ECG segments, they struggle with longer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Paul Pöhl , Viktor Schlegel , Hao Li , Anil Bharath

Blood pressure (BP) is a key indicator of cardiovascular health. As hypertension remains a global cause of morbidity and mortality, accurate, continuous, and non-invasive BP monitoring is therefore of paramount importance.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-20 Bálint Tóth , Dominik Senti , Thorir Mar Ingolfsson , Jeffrey Zweidler , Alexandre Elsig , Luca Benini , Yawei Li

We present CardiacGen, a Deep Learning framework for generating synthetic but physiologically plausible cardiac signals like ECG. Based on the physiology of cardiovascular system function, we propose a modular hierarchical generative model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Tushar Agarwal , Emre Ertin

Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) are commonly recorded in intesive care unit (ICU) and operating room (OR). However, the high incidence of poor, incomplete, and inconsistent signal quality, can lead to false alarms or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Zongheng Guo , Tao Chen , Manuela Ferrario

High-quality synthetic data can support the development of effective predictive models for biomedical tasks, especially in rare diseases or when subject to compelling privacy constraints. These limitations, for instance, negatively impact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Lorenzo Simone , Davide Bacciu

Modern wearable devices are embedded with a range of noninvasive biomarker sensors that hold promise for improving detection and treatment of disease. One such sensor is the single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) which measures electrical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-02 Jeffrey Chan , Andrew C. Miller , Emily B. Fox

In this paper, we present a systematic literature review on deep generative models for physiological signals, particularly electrocardiogram (ECG), electroencephalogram (EEG), photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electromyogram (EMG). Compared to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Nour Neifar , Afef Mdhaffar , Achraf Ben-Hamadou , Mohamed Jmaiel

We present a method for training neural networks with synthetic electrocardiograms that mimic signals produced by a wearable single lead electrocardiogram monitor. We use domain randomization where the synthetic signal properties such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Matti Kaisti , Juho Laitala , Antti Airola

Reliable seizure detection from electroencephalography (EEG) time series is a high-priority clinical goal, yet the acquisition cost and scarcity of labeled EEG data limit the performance of machine learning methods. This challenge is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-30 Nina Moutonnet , Joshua Corneck , Felipe Tobar , Danilo Mandic

To make medical datasets accessible without sharing sensitive patient information, we introduce a novel end-to-end approach for generative de-identification of dynamic medical imaging data. Until now, generative methods have faced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hadrien Reynaud , Qingjie Meng , Mischa Dombrowski , Arijit Ghosh , Thomas Day , Alberto Gomez , Paul Leeson , Bernhard Kainz

Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques have the promise to revolutionize the field of digital pathology. However, these models demand considerable amounts of data, while the availability of unbiased training data is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-14 Nati Daniel , Eliel Aknin , Ariel Larey , Yoni Peretz , Guy Sela , Yael Fisher , Yonatan Savir

Biosignals can be viewed as mixtures measuring particular physiological events, and blind source separation (BSS) aims to extract underlying source signals from mixtures. This paper proposes a self-supervised multi-encoder autoencoder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Matthew B. Webster , Dongheon Lee , Joonnyong Lee

Despite significant recent progress in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI), there are numerous shortcomings associated with collecting Electroencephalography (EEG) signals in real-world environments. These include, but are not…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-14 Nik Khadijah Nik Aznan , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Jason Connolly , Noura Al Moubayed , Toby Breckon

The limited data availability due to strict privacy regulations and significant resource demands severely constrains biomedical time-series AI development, which creates a critical gap between data requirements and accessibility. Synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Youngjoon Lee , Seongmin Cho , Yehhyun Jo , Jinu Gong , Hyunjoo Jenny Lee , Joonhyuk Kang

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used, non-invasive method for capturing brain activity, and is particularly relevant for applications in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). However, collecting high-quality EEG data remains a major…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Henrique de Lima Alexandre , Clodoaldo Aparecido de Moraes Lima

Stress has emerged as a critical global health issue, contributing to cardiovascular disorders, depression, and several other long-term illnesses. Consequently, accurate and reliable stress monitoring systems are of growing importance. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Md. Mohibbul Haque Chowdhury , Nafisa Anjum , Md. Rokonuzzaman Mim
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