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Interactive multimodal agents must convert raw visual observations into coherent sequences of language-conditioned actions -- a capability that current vision-language models (VLMs) still lack. Earlier reinforcement-learning (RL) efforts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 George Bredis , Stanislav Dereka , Viacheslav Sinii , Ruslan Rakhimov , Daniil Gavrilov

Human-robot cooperation is essential in environments such as warehouses and retail stores, where workers frequently handle deformable objects like paper, bags, and fabrics. Coordinating robotic actions with human assistance remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Rewida Ali , Cristian C. Beltran-Hernandez , Weiwei Wan , Kensuke Harada

One promise that Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models hold over traditional imitation learning for robotics is to leverage the broad generalization capabilities of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to produce versatile, "generalist" robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Irving Fang , Juexiao Zhang , Shengbang Tong , Chen Feng

Although the advancements of pre-trained Large Language Models have significantly accelerated recent progress in NLP, their ever-increasing size poses significant challenges for conventional fine-tuning, especially in memory-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chenxi Whitehouse , Fantine Huot , Jasmijn Bastings , Mostafa Dehghani , Chu-Cheng Lin , Mirella Lapata

We present a novel solution to the problem of simulation-to-real transfer, which builds on recent advances in robot skill decomposition. Rather than focusing on minimizing the simulation-reality gap, we learn a set of diverse policies that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Ryan Julian , Eric Heiden , Zhanpeng He , Hejia Zhang , Stefan Schaal , Joseph J. Lim , Gaurav Sukhatme , Karol Hausman

Hierarchical reinforcement learning is a promising approach to tackle long-horizon decision-making problems with sparse rewards. Unfortunately, most methods still decouple the lower-level skill acquisition process and the training of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Alexander C. Li , Carlos Florensa , Ignasi Clavera , Pieter Abbeel

Vision Language Models (VLMs) play a crucial role in robotic manipulation by enabling robots to understand and interpret the visual properties of objects and their surroundings, allowing them to perform manipulation based on this multimodal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Nurhan Bulus Guran , Hanchi Ren , Jingjing Deng , Xianghua Xie

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are seen as a promising technology to perform a wide range of tasks in wireless communication networks. In this work, we consider the deployment of a group of UAVs to collect the data generated by IoT…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-16 Mouhamed Naby Ndiaye , El Houcine Bergou , Hajar El Hammouti

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown promise in robot manipulation but often struggle to generalize to new instructions or complex multi-task scenarios. We identify a critical pathology in current training paradigms where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shijie Lian , Bin Yu , Xiaopeng Lin , Laurence T. Yang , Zhaolong Shen , Changti Wu , Yuzhuo Miao , Cong Huang , Kai Chen

Pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP have remarkably adapted to various downstream tasks. Nonetheless, their performance heavily depends on the specificity of the input text prompts, which requires skillful prompt template…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yingjun Du , Wenfang Sun , Cees G. M. Snoek

Reinforcement learning (RL) is already widely applied to applications such as robotics, but it is only sparsely used in sensor management. In this paper, we apply the popular Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) approach to a multi-agent UAV…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-21 André Brandenburger , Folker Hoffmann , Alexander Charlish

The ability to learn and refine behavior after deployment has become ever more important for robots as we design them to operate in unstructured environments like households. In this work, we design a new learning system based on large…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Huihan Liu , Alice Chen , Yuke Zhu , Adith Swaminathan , Andrey Kolobov , Ching-An Cheng

We study the problem of learning a robot policy to follow natural language instructions that can be easily extended to reason about new objects. We introduce a few-shot language-conditioned object grounding method trained from augmented…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Valts Blukis , Ross A. Knepper , Yoav Artzi

Recent progress on vision-language foundation models have brought significant advancement to building general-purpose robots. By using the pre-trained models to encode the scene and instructions as inputs for decision making, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yuying Ge , Annabella Macaluso , Li Erran Li , Ping Luo , Xiaolong Wang

Embodied long-horizon manipulation requires robotic systems to process multimodal inputs-such as vision and natural language-and translate them into executable actions. However, existing learning-based approaches often depend on large,…

This paper presents a novel approach to enhance autonomous robotic manipulation using the Large Language Model (LLM) for logical inference, converting high-level language commands into sequences of executable motion functions. The proposed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Haokun Liu , Yaonan Zhu , Kenji Kato , Izumi Kondo , Tadayoshi Aoyama , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) systems have shown strong potential for language-driven robotic manipulation. However, scaling them to long-horizon tasks remains challenging. Existing pipelines typically separate data collection, policy…

Generalizing across robot embodiments and tasks is crucial for adaptive robotic systems. Modular policy learning approaches adapt to new embodiments but are limited to specific tasks, while few-shot imitation learning (IL) approaches often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Seongwoong Cho , Donggyun Kim , Jinwoo Lee , Seunghoon Hong

Multi-step cloth manipulation is a challenging problem for robots due to the high-dimensional state spaces and the dynamics of cloth. Despite recent significant advances in end-to-end imitation learning for multi-step cloth manipulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Hanyi Zhao , Jinxuan Zhu , Zihao Yan , Yichen Li , Yuhong Deng , Xueqian Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a cornerstone for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) serving as the de facto standard algorithm. Despite its ubiquity, we argue that the core ratio…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Penghui Qi , Xiangxin Zhou , Zichen Liu , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Min Lin , Wee Sun Lee