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With the increasing adoption of video anomaly detection in intelligent surveillance domains, conventional visual-based detection approaches often struggle with information insufficiency and high false-positive rates in complex environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Peng Wu , Wanshun Su , Guansong Pang , Yujia Sun , Qingsen Yan , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

In multimodal sentiment analysis, collecting text data is often more challenging than video or audio due to higher annotation costs and inconsistent automatic speech recognition (ASR) quality. To address this challenge, our study has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Yuzhe Weng , Haotian Wang , Tian Gao , Kewei Li , Shutong Niu , Jun Du

The problem of missing modalities is both critical and non-trivial to be handled in multi-modal models. It is common for multi-modal tasks that certain modalities contribute more compared to other modalities, and if those important…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Hu Wang , Congbo Ma , Jianpeng Zhang , Yuan Zhang , Jodie Avery , Louise Hull , Gustavo Carneiro

Advances in computer vision and deep learning have blurred the line between deepfakes and authentic media, undermining multimedia credibility through audio-visual forgery. Current multimodal detection methods remain limited by unbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zihan Xiong , Xiaohua Wu , Lei Chen , Fangqi Lou

Malignant brain tumors have become an aggressive and dangerous disease that leads to death worldwide.Multi-modal MRI data is crucial for accurate brain tumor segmentation, but missing modalities common in clinical practice can severely…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Guoyan Liang , Qin Zhou , Jingyuan Chen , Bingcang Huang , Kai Chen , Lin Gu , Zhe Wang , Sai Wu , Chang Yao

Audio-Video Emotion Recognition is now attacked with Deep Neural Network modeling tools. In published papers, as a rule, the authors show only cases of the superiority in multi-modality over audio-only or video-only modality. However, there…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-02 Xin Chang , Władysław Skarbek

Effectively leveraging multimodal data such as various images, laboratory tests and clinical information is gaining traction in a variety of AI-based medical diagnosis and prognosis tasks. Most existing multi-modal techniques only focus on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Yingying Fang , Shuang Wu , Sheng Zhang , Chaoyan Huang , Tieyong Zeng , Xiaodan Xing , Simon Walsh , Guang Yang

Multi-modal learning has shown exceptional performance in various tasks, especially in medical applications, where it integrates diverse medical information for comprehensive diagnostic evidence. However, there still are several challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Lin Fan , Yafei Ou , Cenyang Zheng , Pengyu Dai , Tamotsu Kamishima , Masayuki Ikebe , Kenji Suzuki , Xun Gong

In the era of big data, data mining has become indispensable for uncovering hidden patterns and insights from vast and complex datasets. The integration of multimodal data sources further enhances its potential. Multimodal Federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Lishan Yang , Wei Emma Zhang , Quan Z. Sheng , Lina Yao , Weitong Chen , Ali Shakeri

Multimodal Large Language Models demonstrate strong performance on multimodal benchmarks, yet often exhibit poor robustness when exposed to spurious modality interference, such as irrelevant text in vision understanding, or irrelevant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Rui Cai , Bangzheng Li , Xiaofei Wen , Muhao Chen , Zhe Zhao

Improving the performance of semantic segmentation models using multispectral information is crucial, especially for environments with low-light and adverse conditions. Multi-modal fusion techniques pursue either the learning of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Aniruddh Sikdar , Jayant Teotia , Suresh Sundaram

This study introduces a novel training paradigm, audio difference learning, for improving audio captioning. The fundamental concept of the proposed learning method is to create a feature representation space that preserves the relationship…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Tatsuya Komatsu , Yusuke Fujita , Kazuya Takeda , Tomoki Toda

Federated Learning (FL) is an emerging distributed learning paradigm under privacy constraint. Data heterogeneity is one of the main challenges in FL, which results in slow convergence and degraded performance. Most existing approaches only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Lin Zhang , Li Shen , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao , Ling-Yu Duan

Using multiple spatial modalities has been proven helpful in improving semantic segmentation performance. However, there are several real-world challenges that have yet to be addressed: (a) improving label efficiency and (b) enhancing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Harsh Maheshwari , Yen-Cheng Liu , Zsolt Kira

Recent advancements in multi-modal pre-training for 3D point clouds have demonstrated promising results by aligning heterogeneous features across 3D shapes and their corresponding 2D images and language descriptions. However, current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Huiqun Wang , Yiping Bao , Panwang Pan , Zeming Li , Xiao Liu , Ruijie Yang , Di Huang

Federated learning (FL) is severely challenged by non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) client data, a problem that degrades global model performance, especially in multimodal perception settings. Conventional methods often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jing Liu , Zhengliang Guo , Yan Wang , Xiaoguang Zhu , Yao Du , Zehua Wang , Victor C. M. Leung

This paper presents a Multi-modal Emotion Recognition (MER) system designed to enhance emotion recognition accuracy in challenging acoustic conditions. Our approach combines a modified and extended Hierarchical Token-semantic Audio…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Ohad Cohen , Gershon Hazan , Sharon Gannot

Federated learning (FL) typically faces data heterogeneity, i.e., distribution shifting among clients. Sharing clients' information has shown great potentiality in mitigating data heterogeneity, yet incurs a dilemma in preserving privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Zhiqin Yang , Yonggang Zhang , Yu Zheng , Xinmei Tian , Hao Peng , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized medical institutions while preserving data privacy. However, medical FL benchmarks remain scarce, with existing efforts focusing mainly on unimodal or bimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Aavash Chhetri , Bibek Niroula , Pratik Shrestha , Yash Raj Shrestha , Lesley A Anderson , Prashnna K Gyawali , Loris Bazzani , Binod Bhattarai

Multimodal classification requires robust integration of visual and textual signals, yet common fusion strategies are brittle and vulnerable to modality-specific noise. In this paper, we present \textsc{FLUID}-Flow-Latent Unified…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Van Duc Cuong , Ta Dinh Tam , Tran Duc Chinh , Nguyen Thi Hanh