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Large Language Models (LLMs) consistently benefit from scaled Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but also suffer from heavy computational overhead. To address this issue, efficient reasoning aims to incentivize short yet accurate thinking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Taiqiang Wu , Zenan Xu , Bo Zhou , Ngai Wong

Large Language Model (LLM) serving faces a fundamental tension between stringent latency Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and limited GPU memory capacity. When high request rates exhaust the KV cache budget, existing LLM inference systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiahuan Yu , Mingtao Hu , Zichao Lin , Minjia Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to increasingly diverse requests, accompanied with varying resource (compute and memory) demands to serve them. However, this in turn degrades the cost-efficiency of LLM serving…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Youhe Jiang , Fangcheng Fu , Xiaozhe Yao , Guoliang He , Xupeng Miao , Ana Klimovic , Bin Cui , Binhang Yuan , Eiko Yoneki

While traditional optimization and scheduling schemes are designed to meet fixed, predefined system requirements, future systems are moving toward user-driven approaches and personalized services, aiming to achieve high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Thomas Mongaillard , Samson Lasaulce , Othman Hicheur , Chao Zhang , Lina Bariah , Vineeth S. Varma , Hang Zou , Qiyang Zhao , Merouane Debbah

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have gained significant attention for their ability to generate fast and accurate answer to the given query. These models have evolved into large multimodal models (LMMs), which can interpret and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Sunwoo Kim , Byonghyo Shim

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven the need for more efficient serving strategies. In this context, efficiency refers to the proportion of requests that meet their Service Level Objectives (SLOs), particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Azam Ikram , Xiang Li , Sameh Elnikety , Saurabh Bagchi

Machine learning (ML) inference serving systems can schedule requests to improve GPU utilization and to meet service level objectives (SLOs) or deadlines. However, improving GPU utilization may compromise latency-sensitive scheduling, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Haidong Zhao , Nikolaos Georgantas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used as general-purpose AI agents showing comparable performance on many downstream tasks. However, existing work shows that it is challenging for LLMs to integrate structured data (e.g. KG,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Younghun Lee , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Ryan A. Rossi , Xiang Chen

Distributed cloud environments hosting data-intensive applications often experience slowdowns due to network congestion, asymmetric bandwidth, and inter-node data shuffling. These factors are typically not captured by traditional host-level…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Sankalpa Timilsina , Susmit Shannigrahi

Speculative decoding (SD) accelerates large language model (LLM) inference by using a smaller draft model to propose multiple tokens that are verified by a larger target model in parallel. While prior work demonstrates substantial speedups…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Linghao Kong , Megan Flynn , Michael Peng , Nir Shavit , Mark Kurtz , Alexandre Marques

High-throughput inference serving is essential for applications built on large language models (LLMs). Existing serving frameworks reduce request-level and batch-level bubbles through batching and scheduling, but often overlook bubbles…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Fengyao Bai , Hongbin Zhang , Zhitao Chen , Jiangsu Du , Zhiguang Chen , Yutong Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various basic natural language tasks. For completing the complex task, we still need a plan for the task to guide LLMs to generate the specific solutions step by step. LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Yiduo Guo , Yaobo Liang , Chenfei Wu , Wenshan Wu , Dongyan Zhao , Nan Duan

A practical large language model (LLM) service may involve a long system prompt, which specifies the instructions, examples, and knowledge documents of the task and is reused across requests. However, the long system prompt causes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Lei Zhu , Xinjiang Wang , Wayne Zhang , Rynson W. H. Lau

Radiotherapy (RT) patient scheduling is a complex operational problem. Current scheduling often relies on manual coordination and can be difficult to adapt to changing clinical demands. This study evaluated the feasibility of using a large…

Recent progress in Language Models (LMs) has dramatically advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP), excelling at tasks like text generation, summarization, and question answering. However, their inference remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Adarsh Prasad Behera , Jaya Prakash Champati , Roberto Morabito , Sasu Tarkoma , James Gross

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in various data mining tasks, such as knowledge question answering, mathematical reasoning, and commonsense reasoning. However, the reasoning capability of LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 He Chang , Chenchen Ye , Zhulin Tao , Jie Wu , Zhengmao Yang , Yunshan Ma , Xianglin Huang , Tat-Seng Chua

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated algorithm design has shown promising potential. A prevalent approach embeds LLMs within search routines to iteratively generate and refine candidate algorithms. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Fei Liu , Rui Zhang , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

The past few years has witnessed specialized large language model (LLM) inference systems, such as vLLM, SGLang, Mooncake, and DeepFlow, alongside rapid LLM adoption via services like ChatGPT. Driving these system design efforts is the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-30 James Pan , Guoliang Li

In current cellular networks, schedulers allocate wireless channel resources to users based on instantaneous channel gains and short-term moving averages of user rates and queue lengths. By using only such short-term information, schedulers…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-05-07 Hatem Abou-zeid , Hossam S. Hassanein , Stefan Valentin , Mohamed Feteiha

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), serving LLM inference requests has become an increasingly important task, attracting active research advancements. Practical workloads play an essential role in this process:…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yuxing Xiang , Xue Li , Kun Qian , Wenyuan Yu , Ennan Zhai , Xin Jin