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As an alternative to Twitter and other centralized social networks, the Fediverse is growing in popularity. The recent, and polemical, takeover of Twitter by Elon Musk has exacerbated this trend. The Fediverse includes a growing number of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Ishaku Hassan Anaobi , Aravindh Raman , Ignacio Castro , Haris Bin Zia , Dami Ibosiola , Gareth Tyson

The "Fediverse", a federation of decentralized social media servers, has emerged after a decade in which centralized platforms like X (formerly Twitter) have dominated the landscape. The structure of a federation should affect user…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shiori Hironaka , Mitsuo Yoshida , Kazuyuki Shudo

The Fediverse, a group of interconnected servers providing a variety of interoperable services (e.g. micro-blogging in Mastodon) has gained rapid popularity. This sudden growth, partly driven by Elon Musk's acquisition of Twitter, has…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Haris Bin Zia , Aravindh Raman , Ignacio Castro , Gareth Tyson

Decentralized social media protocols enable users in independent, user-hosted servers (i.e., instances) to interact with each other while they self-govern. This community-based model of social media governance opens up new opportunities for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Sohyeon Hwang , Priyanka Nanayakkara , Yan Shvartzshnaider

Traditional social media platforms, once envisioned as digital town squares, now face growing criticism over corporate control, content moderation, and privacy concerns. Events such as Twitter's acquisition (now X) and major policy changes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ujun Jeong , Alimohammad Beigi , Anique Tahir , Susan Xu Tang , H. Russell Bernard , Huan Liu

Centralized social media platforms are currently experiencing a shift in user engagement, drawing attention to alternative paradigms like Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs). The rising popularity of DOSNs finds its root in the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Lucio La Cava , Domenico Mandaglio , Andrea Tagarelli

The Decentralised Web (DW) has recently seen a renewed momentum, with a number of DW platforms like Mastodon, Peer-Tube, and Hubzilla gaining increasing traction. These offer alternatives to traditional social networks like Twitter,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Aravindh Raman , Sagar Joglekar , Emiliano De Cristofaro , Nishanth Sastry , Gareth Tyson

The overreaches of mainstream social media platforms have been extensively reported and studied. For activist communities, these platforms pose risks of surveillance, censorship, or erasure. Decentralized social networks (DSNs) serve as…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sybille Légitime , Harini Suresh

Decentralized machine learning - where each client keeps its own data locally and uses its own computational resources to collaboratively train a model by exchanging peer-to-peer messages - is increasingly popular, as it enables better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Marc Damie , Edwige Cyffers

Open-source, Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs) are emerging as alternatives to the popular yet centralized and profit-driven platforms like Facebook or Twitter. In DOSNs, users can set up their own server, or instance, while they…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Lucio La Cava , Sergio Greco , Andrea Tagarelli

Online communities often overlap and coexist, despite incongruent norms and approaches to content moderation. When communities diverge, decentralized and federated communities may pursue group-level sanctions, including defederation…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Carl Colglazier , Nathan TeBlunthuis , Aaron Shaw

Decentralized online social networks have evolved from experimental stages to operating at unprecedented scale, with broader adoption and more active use than ever before. Platforms like Mastodon, Bluesky, Hive, and Nostr have seen notable…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ujun Jeong , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Kathleen M. Carley , Huan Liu

Decentralized architecture offers a robust and flexible structure for online platforms, since centralized moderation and computation can be easy to disrupt with targeted attacks. However, a platform offering a decentralized architecture…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Milo Z. Trujillo , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , James Bagrow

Socio-diversity, the variety of human opinions, ideas, behaviors and styles, has profound implications for social systems. While it fuels innovation, productivity, and collective intelligence, it can also complicate communication and erode…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-19 Andrea Musso , Dirk Helbing

Mainstream social media platforms function as "walled garden" ecosystems that restrict user agency, control, and data portability. They have demonstrated a lack of transparency that contributes to a multitude of online harms. Our research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Aditya Surve , Aneesh Shamraj , Swapneel Mehta

Over the past decade, we have witnessed the Internet becoming increasingly centralized in the hands of a small number of giant technology firms, that control many of the most popular applications and the content they host on their…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Raman Singh , Andrew Donegan , Hitesh Tewari

Social media platforms offer numerous benefits and allow people to come together for various causes. Many communities, academia, government agencies, institutions, healthcare, entertainment, and businesses are on social media platforms.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Smita Khapre , Sudhanshu Semwal

The decentralized architecture of Internet sparkled techno-utopian visions of a virtual freedom space for humanity. Peer-to-peer systems, collaborative creation (wikipedia), open source software (Linux), universal shared knowledge, and the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Pedro Garcia Lopez

The Web is a ubiquitous economic, educational, and collaborative space. However, it also serves as a haven for personal information harvesting. Existing decentralised Web-based ecosystems, such as Solid, aim to combat personal data…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-08-17 Ruben Taelman , Simon Steyskal , Sabrina Kirrane

Decentralized social networks like Mastodon and BlueSky are trending topics that have drawn much attention and discussion in recent years. By devolving powers from the central node to the end users, decentralized social networks aim to cure…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tao Huang
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