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Future high-precision X-ray and gravitational-wave observations of neutron stars (NSs) are expected to constrain NS radii with uncertainties as small as $\sigma \simeq 0.1$~km. Such unprecedented precision offers a unique opportunity to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-17 Bao-An Li , Xavier Grundler , Wen-Jie Xie , Nai-Bo Zhang

While the equation of state (EOS) of symmetric nuclear matter (SNM) at suprasaturation densities has been relatively well constrained from heavy-ion collisions, the EOS of high-density neutron-rich matter is still largely uncertain due to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-06-12 Ying Zhou , Lie-Wen Chen , Zhen Zhang

In recent years our understanding of the dense matter equation of state (EOS) of neutron stars has significantly improved by analyzing multimessenger data from radio/X-ray pulsars, gravitational wave events, and from nuclear physics…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-28 G. Raaijmakers , S. K. Greif , K. Hebeler , T. Hinderer , S. Nissanke , A. Schwenk , T. E. Riley , A. L. Watts , J. M. Lattimer , W. C. G. Ho

Within the parameter space of equation of state (EOS) of dense neutron-rich matter limited by existing constraints mainly from terrestrial nuclear experiments, we investigate how the neutron star maximum mass $M_{\rm{max}}>2.01\pm0.04$…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-05-30 Nai-Bo Zhang , Bao-An Li , Jun Xu

The dense matter equation of state (EOS) determines neutron star (NS) structure but can be calculated reliably only up to one to two times the nuclear saturation density, using accurate many-body methods that employ nuclear interactions…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-06-27 Ingo Tews , Joseph Carlson , Stefano Gandolfi , Sanjay Reddy

A new scheme for testing nuclear matter equations of state (EsoS) at high densities using constraints from neutron star phenomenology and a flow data analysis of heavy-ion collisions is suggested. An acceptable EoS shall not allow the…

Given an Equation of State (EOS) for neutron star (NS) matter, there is a unique mass-radius sequence characterized by a maximum mass $M_{\rm{NS}}^{\max}$ at radius $R_{\max}$. We first show analytically that the $M_{\rm{NS}}^{\max}$ and…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-07-27 Bao-Jun Cai , Bao-An Li , Zhen Zhang

Taking into account the terrestrial experiments and the recent astrophysical observations of neutron stars and gravitational-wave signals, we impose restrictions on the equation of state (EoS) for isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter. Using…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-03-18 Soonchul Choi , Tsuyoshi Miyatsu , Myung-Ki Cheoun , Koichi Saito

The equation of state (EOS) of dense matter is an essential ingredient for numerical simulations of core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers. The properties of matter near and above nuclear saturation density are uncertain, which…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-12-13 Andre da Silva Schneider , Luke F. Roberts , Christian D. Ott

The uncertainties in neutron star (NS) radii and crust properties due to our limited knowledge of the equation of state (EOS) are quantitatively analysed. We first demonstrate the importance of a unified microscopic description for the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-12 M. Fortin , C. Providencia , A. R. Raduta , F. Gulminelli , J. L Zdunik , P. Haensel , M. Bejger

The hadron--quark crossover equation of state (EOS) of neutron star (NS) matter is investigated by combining relativistic mean-field (RMF) hadronic models with the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model for quark matter. The vector and diquark…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2026-04-13 Xuesong Geng , Kaixuan Huang , Hong Shen , Lei Li , Jinniu Hu

We have conducted an extensive study using a diverse set of equations of state (EoSs) to uncover strong relationships between neutron star (NS) observables and the underlying EoS parameters using symbolic regression method. These EoS…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-04-17 N. K. Patra , Tuhin Malik , Helena Pais , Kai Zhou , B. K. Agrawal , Constança Providência

It is anticipated that the gravitational radiation detected in future gravitational wave (GW) detectors from binary neutron star (NS) mergers can probe the high-density equation of state (EOS). We perform the first simulations of binary NS…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-15 Atul Kedia , Hee Il Kim , In-Saeng Suh , Grant J. Mathews

Pulse profile modeling of X-ray data from NICER is now enabling precision inference of neutron star mass and radius. Combined with nuclear physics constraints from chiral effective field theory ($\chi$EFT), and masses and tidal…

The Equation of State (EOS) of dense strongly-interacting matter can be probed by astrophysical observations of neutron stars (NS), such as X-ray detections of pulsars or the measurement of the tidal deformability of NSs during the inspiral…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-09 Maximiliano Ujevic , Rahul Somasundaram , Tim Dietrich , Jerome Margueron , Ingo Tews

Based on the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model (SHF) as well as its extension (the Korea-IBS-Daegu-SKKU (KIDS) model) and the relativistic mean-field (RMF) model, we have studied the constraints on the parameters of the nuclear matter equation of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-05-17 Jia Zhou , Jun Xu , Panagiota Papakonstantinou

Neutron star (NS) is a unique astronomical compact object where the four fundamental interactions have been revealed from the observation and studied in different ways. While the macroscopic properties of NS like mass and radius can be…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-05-04 Ngo Hai Tan , Dao T. Khoa , Doan Thi Loan

We calculate static properties of non-rotating neutron stars (NS's) using a microscopic equation of state (EOS) for asymmetric nuclear matter. The EOS is computed in the framework of the Brueckner--Bethe--Goldstone many--body theory. We…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Baldo , G. F. Burgio , I. Bombaci

Efforts to understand the equation of state (EOS) of dense nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities have grown more sophisticated over the past decade, driven by a surge in high-precision data from both terrestrial experiments and…

We utilize the now substantial amount of astrophysical observations of neutron stars (NSs), along with perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) calculations at high density, to directly constrain the NS equation of state (EOS). To this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-24 Iuliu Cuceu , Sandra Robles