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We investigate information flow and Page curves for tripartite systems. We prepare a tripartite system (say, A, B, and C) of a given number of states and calculate information and entropy contents by assuming random states. Initially, every…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-28 Junha Hwang , Deok Sang Lee , Dongju Nho , Jeonghun Oh , Hyosub Park , Dong-han Yeom , Heeseung Zoe

A coarse-grained description for the formation and evaporation of a black hole is given within the framework of a unitary theory of quantum gravity preserving locality, without dropping the information that manifests as macroscopic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-04-24 Yasunori Nomura , Jaime Varela , Sean J. Weinberg

This paper is an attempt to extend the recent understanding of the Page curve for evaporating black holes to more general systems coupled to a heat bath. Although calculating the von Neumann entropy by the replica trick is usually a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-01 Pouria Dadras , Alexei Kitaev

Using extended island formula we compute entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation for black hole solutions of certain gravitational models containing higher derivative terms. To be concrete we consider two different four dimensional models…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-24 Mohsen Alishahiha , Amin Faraji Astaneh , Ali Naseh

From a conceptual point of view, this chapter may be viewed as an exercise in combining quantum field theory and general relativity in a controlled setting. Despite its apparent simplicity, this exercise is deeply rooted in highly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-23 Badis Ydri

In this review, we describe recent progress on the black hole information problem that involves a new understanding of how to calculate the entropy of Hawking radiation. We show how the method for computing gravitational fine-grained…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-07-28 Ahmed Almheiri , Thomas Hartman , Juan Maldacena , Edgar Shaghoulian , Amirhossein Tajdini

It has been shown that the quantum state of the graviton field outside a black hole horizon carries information about the internal state of the hole. We explain how this allows unitary evaporation: the final radiation state is a complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-18 Xavier Calmet , Stephen D. H. Hsu

It is known that the semiclassical approximation to the gravity path integral can be leveraged to explain certain inherently quantum aspects of gravity. One such aspect is the state-counting interpretation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-15 Juan Hernandez , Mikhail Khramtsov

We describe a model for unitary black hole evaporation with no information loss in terms of a quantum computation. We assume that there is a fine tuned interaction between the qubits of the black hole Bell states which is the inverse of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-11-03 Edi Halyo

Black holes evolve by evaporation of their event horizon. While this process is believed to be unitary, there is no consensus on the recovery of information in black hole entropy. A missing link is a unit of information in black hole…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-01 Maurice H. P. M. van Putten

We employ the island rule to investigate the radiation entropy of asymptotically AdS black holes in the framework of f(Q) gravity. Through an analysis based on the Euclidean action, we find that the area term of the generalized entropy must…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-11 Yipeng Liu , Wei Xu , Baocheng Zhang

A paradigm describing black hole evaporation in non-perturbative quantum gravity is developed by combining two sets of detailed results: i) resolution of the Schwarzschild singularity using quantum geometry methods; and ii) time-evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Abhay Ashtekar , Martin Bojowald

We extend a four-qubit quantum circuit model of black hole evaporation that enforces semi-causality, a condition that allows information to enter a black hole but strictly forbids any information from escaping from the interior to outside…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-19 Sourav Ballav , Chi-Hsien Tai , Wen-Yu Wen

This study investigates the evaporation process of a Schwarzschild black hole, incorporating quantum corrections arising from conformal anomaly and vacuum polarization. We demonstrate that these corrections significantly alter the Hawking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-26 Moslem Shafiee , Ahmad Sheykhi

We explore the quantum nature of black holes by introducing an effective framework that takes into account deviations from the classical results. The approach is based on introducing quantum corrections to the classical Schwarzschild…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-14 Emanuele Binetti , Manuel Del Piano , Stefan Hohenegger , Franco Pezzella , Francesco Sannino

These lecture notes are an elementary and pedagogical introduction to the black hole evaporation, based on a lecture given by the author at the Ninth Modave Summer School in Mathematical Physics and are intended for PhD students. First,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-01-17 Pierre-Henry Lambert

We explore a potential connection between the black hole information paradox and the double descent phenomenon in quantum machine learning. Information retrieval from Hawking radiation can be viewed through the lens of quantum linear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Jae-Weon Lee , Zae Young Kim

A reformulation of the calculation of the semi-classical energy-momentum tensor on a Schwarzschild background, the Bousso covariant entropy bound, and the ER=EPR conjecture of Maldacena and Susskind taken together suggest a scenario for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-17 James M. Bardeen

In an ordinary quantum field theory, the "split property" implies that the state of the system can be specified independently on a bounded subregion of a Cauchy slice and its complement. This property does not hold for theories of gravity,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-04-13 Suvrat Raju

Hawking's model of black hole evaporation is not unitary and leads to a mixed density matrix for the emitted radiation, while the Page model describes a unitary evaporation process in which the density matrix evolves from an almost thermal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-02 Lasma Alberte , Ram Brustein , Andrei Khmelnitsky , A. J. M. Medved
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