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Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) offer a promising approach to solving differential equations and, more generally, to applying deep learning to problems in the physical sciences. We adopt a recently developed transfer learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Raphaël Pellegrin , Blake Bullwinkel , Marios Mattheakis , Pavlos Protopapas

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are revolutionizing science and engineering practice by bringing together the power of deep learning to bear on scientific computation. In forward modeling problems, PINNs are meshless partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yicheng Wang , Xiaotian Han , Chia-Yuan Chang , Daochen Zha , Ulisses Braga-Neto , Xia Hu

In this study, novel physics-informed neural network (PINN) methods for coupling neighboring support points and their derivative terms which are obtained by automatic differentiation (AD), are proposed to allow efficient training with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jian Cheng Wong , Chinchun Ooi , My Ha Dao , Yew-Soon Ong

Accurate prediction of shaft rotational speed, shaft power, and fuel consumption is crucial for enhancing operational efficiency and sustainability in maritime transportation. Conventional physics-based models provide interpretability but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Hamza Haruna Mohammed , Dusica Marijan , Arnbjørn Maressa

The increasing use of machine learning in clinical decision support has been limited by the lack of transparency of many high-performing models. In clinical settings, predictions must be interpretable, auditable, and actionable. This study…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel in learning from network-like data but often lack interpretability, making their application challenging in domains requiring transparent decision-making. We propose the Graph Kolmogorov-Arnold Network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Gianluca De Carlo , Andrea Mastropietro , Aris Anagnostopoulos

Recent years have witnessed the success of deep neural networks in many research areas. The fundamental idea behind the design of most neural networks is to learn similarity patterns from data for prediction and inference, which lacks the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Shaoyun Shi , Hanxiong Chen , Weizhi Ma , Jiaxin Mao , Min Zhang , Yongfeng Zhang

As the discipline has evolved, research in machine learning has been focused more and more on creating more powerful neural networks, without regard for the interpretability of these networks. Such "black-box models" yield state-of-the-art…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Lachlan O'Neill , Simon Angus , Satya Borgohain , Nader Chmait , David L. Dowe

Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) were recently introduced as an alternative representation model to MLP. Herein, we employ KANs to construct physics-informed machine learning models (PIKANs) and deep operator models (DeepOKANs) for solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Khemraj Shukla , Juan Diego Toscano , Zhicheng Wang , Zongren Zou , George Em Karniadakis

Artificial neural networks have long been understood as "black boxes": though we know their computation graphs and learned parameters, the knowledge encoded by these weights and functions they perform are not inherently interpretable. As…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Adam Davies , Ashkan Khakzar

Deep learning has become increasingly popular in both supervised and unsupervised machine learning thanks to its outstanding empirical performance. However, because of their intrinsic complexity, most deep learning methods are largely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-07 Yang Young Lu , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv , William Stafford Noble

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is an emerging category of neural networks which can be trained to solve supervised learning tasks while taking into consideration given laws of physics described by general nonlinear partial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Solon Falas , Charalambos Konstantinou , Maria K. Michael

Explaining recommendations enables users to understand whether recommended items are relevant to their needs and has been shown to increase their trust in the system. More generally, if designing explainable machine learning models is key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-27 Darius Afchar , Romain Hennequin

Deep neural networks exhibit remarkable performance, yet their black-box nature limits their utility in fields like healthcare where interpretability is crucial. Existing explainability approaches often sacrifice accuracy and lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Linhui Huang , Sayeri Lala , Niraj K. Jha

This work presents a novel graph neural network (GNN) architecture, the Feature-specific Interpretable Graph Neural Network (FIGNN), designed to enhance the interpretability of deep learning surrogate models defined on unstructured grids in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Riddhiman Raut , Romit Maulik , Shivam Barwey

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have garnered significant interest for their potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern a wide range of physical phenomena. By incorporating physical laws into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jian Cheng Wong , Isaac Yin Chung Lai , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

This systematic review explores the theoretical foundations, evolution, applications, and future potential of Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN), a neural network model inspired by the Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem. KANs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Shriyank Somvanshi , Syed Aaqib Javed , Md Monzurul Islam , Diwas Pandit , Subasish Das

Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been emerging as a powerful computational tool for solving differential equations. However, the applicability of these models is still in its initial stages and requires more standardization to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Afila Ajithkumar Sophiya , Akarsh K Nair , Sepehr Maleki , Senthil K. Krishnababu

As artificial intelligence increasingly drives critical decisions, the ability to genuinely explain how neural networks make predictions is essential for trust. Yet, most current explanation methods offer post-hoc rationalizations rather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Corentin Lobet , Francesca Chiaromonte

Traditional machine learning is generally treated as a black-box optimization problem and does not typically produce interpretable functions that connect inputs and outputs. However, the ability to discover such interpretable functions is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Nisal Ranasinghe , Damith Senanayake , Sachith Seneviratne , Malin Premaratne , Saman Halgamuge