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While previous distribution shift detection approaches can identify if a shift has occurred, these approaches cannot localize which specific features have caused a distribution shift -- a critical step in diagnosing or fixing any underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Sean Kulinski , Saurabh Bagchi , David I. Inouye

Grokking, or delayed generalization, is an intriguing learning phenomenon where test set loss decreases sharply only after a model's training set loss has converged. This challenges conventional understanding of the training dynamics in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Breno W. Carvalho , Artur S. d'Avila Garcez , Luís C. Lamb , Emílio Vital Brazil

Deployed machine learning models are confronted with the problem of changing data over time, a phenomenon also called concept drift. While existing approaches of concept drift detection already show convincing results, they require true…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Lucas Baier , Tim Schlör , Jakob Schöffer , Niklas Kühl

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents typically assume stationary environment dynamics. Yet in real-world applications such as healthcare, robotics, and finance, transition probabilities or reward functions may evolve, leading to model drift.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chang-Hwan Lee , Alexander Shim

Federated Learning (FL) under distributed concept drift is a largely unexplored area. Although concept drift is itself a well-studied phenomenon, it poses particular challenges for FL, because drifts arise staggered in time and space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Ellango Jothimurugesan , Kevin Hsieh , Jianyu Wang , Gauri Joshi , Phillip B. Gibbons

Analyzing the distribution shift of data is a growing research direction in nowadays Machine Learning (ML), leading to emerging new benchmarks that focus on providing a suitable scenario for studying the generalization properties of ML…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Marius Dragoi , Elena Burceanu , Emanuela Haller , Andrei Manolache , Florin Brad

In federated learning (FL), the data distribution of each client may change over time, introducing both temporal and spatial data heterogeneity, known as concept drift. Data heterogeneity arises from three drift sources: real drift (a shift…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Fu Peng , Ming Tang

Trial history biases in decision-making tasks are thought to reflect systematic updates of decision variables, therefore their precise nature informs conclusions about underlying heuristic strategies and learning processes. However, random…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-24 Diksha Gupta , Carlos D. Brody

Generative foundation models like Stable Diffusion comprise a diverse spectrum of knowledge in computer vision with the potential for transfer learning, e.g., via generating data to train student models for downstream tasks. This could…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Leonhard Hennicke , Christian Medeiros Adriano , Holger Giese , Jan Mathias Koehler , Lukas Schott

Detecting concept drift is a well known problem that affects production systems. However, two important issues that are frequently not addressed in the literature are 1) the detection of drift when the labels are not immediately available;…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Fábio Pinto , Marco O. P. Sampaio , Pedro Bizarro

Real-time analytics and decision-making require online anomaly detection (OAD) to handle drifts in data streams efficiently and effectively. Unfortunately, existing approaches are often constrained by their limited detection capacity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jiaqi Zhu , Shaofeng Cai , Fang Deng , Beng Chin Ooi , Wenqiao Zhang

Most semantic drift studies report multiple signals e.g., embedding displacement, neighbor changes, distributional divergence, and recursive trajectory instability, without a shared explanatory theory that relates them. This paper proposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Stephen Russell

During the lifetime of a Business Process changes can be made to the workflow, the required resources, required documents, . . . . Different traces from the same Business Process within a single log file can thus differ substantially due to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Stephen Pauwels , Toon Calders

Predictive models often degrade in performance due to evolving data distributions, a phenomenon known as data drift. Among its forms, concept drift, where the relationship between explanatory variables and the response variable changes, is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-18 Ugur Dar , Mustafa Cavus

In our digital universe nowadays, enormous amount of data are produced in a streaming manner in a variety of application areas. These data are often unlabelled. In this case, identifying infrequent events, such as anomalies, poses a great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Jin Li , Kleanthis Malialis , Marios M. Polycarpou

Concept drift refers to a change in the data distribution affecting the data stream of future samples. Consequently, learning models operating on the data stream might become obsolete, and need costly and difficult adjustments such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 André Artelt , Kleanthis Malialis , Christos Panayiotou , Marios Polycarpou , Barbara Hammer

eCommerce transaction frauds keep changing rapidly. This is the major issue that prevents eCommerce merchants having a robust machine learning model for fraudulent transactions detection. The root cause of this problem is that rapid…

Applications · Statistics 2018-10-11 Huiying Mao , Yung-wen Liu , Yuting Jia , Jay Nanduri

We consider a simple mean reverting diffusion process, with piecewise constant drift and diffusion coefficients, discontinuous at a fixed threshold. We discuss estimation of drift and diffusion parameters from discrete observations of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-12 Sara Mazzonetto , Paolo Pigato

Recently there has been much work on selective sampling, an online active learning setting, in which algorithms work in rounds. On each round an algorithm receives an input and makes a prediction. Then, it can decide whether to query a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-02-18 Edward Moroshko , Koby Crammer

Concept shift occurs when the distribution of labels conditioned on the features changes between domains, which can make even a well-tuned ML model miscalibrated on a new domain. Identifying these shifted features provides unique insight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ruiqi Lyu , Alistair Turcan , Bryan Wilder