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Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to build general-purpose vision systems by training a single network to perform multiple tasks jointly. While promising, its potential is often hindered by "unbalanced optimization", where task interference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihang Guo , Tianyuan Yu , Liang Bai , Yanming Guo , Yirun Ruan , William Li , Weishi Zheng

While multi-task learning (MTL) has gained significant attention in recent years, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recent methods did not yield consistent performance improvements over single task learning (STL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Cathrin Elich , Lukas Kirchdorfer , Jan M. Köhler , Lukas Schott

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a powerful learning paradigm to improve generalization performance via knowledge sharing. However, existing studies find that MTL could sometimes hurt generalization, especially when two tasks are less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Ziniu Hu , Zhe Zhao , Xinyang Yi , Tiansheng Yao , Lichan Hong , Yizhou Sun , Ed H. Chi

Multi-task learning enables the acquisition of task-generic knowledge by training multiple tasks within a unified architecture. However, training all tasks together in a single architecture can lead to performance degradation, known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Wooseong Jeong , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve the generalization of several related tasks by learning them jointly. As a comparison, in addition to the joint training scheme, modern meta-learning allows unseen tasks with limited labels during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Haoxiang Wang , Han Zhao , Bo Li

In Multi-Task Learning (MTL), it is a common practice to train multi-task networks by optimizing an objective function, which is a weighted average of the task-specific objective functions. Although the computational advantages of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Lucas Pascal , Pietro Michiardi , Xavier Bost , Benoit Huet , Maria A. Zuluaga

Many real-world machine learning applications involve several learning tasks which are inter-related. For example, in healthcare domain, we need to learn a predictive model of a certain disease for many hospitals. The models for each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-03 Inci M. Baytas , Ming Yan , Anil K. Jain , Jiayu Zhou

Multi-task learning (MTL) trains deep neural networks to optimize several objectives simultaneously using a shared backbone, which leads to reduced computational costs, improved data efficiency, and enhanced performance through cross-task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hoang Phan , Lam Tran , Quyen Tran , Ngoc N. Tran , Tuan Truong , Qi Lei , Nhat Ho , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

In order to create machine learning systems that serve a variety of users well, it is vital to not only achieve high average performance but also ensure equitable outcomes across diverse groups. However, most machine learning methods are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Atharva Kulkarni , Lucio Dery , Amrith Setlur , Aditi Raghunathan , Ameet Talwalkar , Graham Neubig

Multi-task learning (MTL) has achieved great success in various research domains, such as CV, NLP and IR etc. Due to the complex and competing task correlation, naive training all tasks may lead to inequitable learning, i.e. some tasks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Jun Yuan , Rui Zhang

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) aims to learn multiple tasks simultaneously while exploiting their mutual relationships. By using shared resources to simultaneously calculate multiple outputs, this learning paradigm has the potential to have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Maxime Fontana , Michael Spratling , Miaojing Shi

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to leverage shared information among tasks to improve learning efficiency and accuracy. However, MTL often struggles to effectively manage positive and negative transfer between tasks, which can hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chenguang Wang , Xuanhao Pan , Tianshu Yu

We study and quantify the generalization patterns of multitask learning (MTL) models for sequence labeling tasks. MTL models are trained to optimize a set of related tasks jointly. Although multitask learning has achieved improved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Gabriele Bettgenhäuser , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a learning paradigm in machine learning and its aim is to leverage useful information contained in multiple related tasks to help improve the generalization performance of all the tasks. In this paper, we give a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Yu Zhang , Qiang Yang

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to improve the generalization performance of multiple tasks by exploiting the shared factors among them. Various metrics (e.g., F-score, Area Under the ROC Curve) are used to evaluate the performances of MTL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Ge-Yang Ke , Yan Pan , Jian Yin , Chang-Qin Huang

The generalisation capacity of Multi-Task Learning (MTL) suffers when unrelated tasks negatively impact each other by updating shared parameters with conflicting gradients. This is known as negative transfer and leads to a drop in MTL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Arjun Roy , Christos Koutlis , Symeon Papadopoulos , Eirini Ntoutsi

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a growing subject of interest in deep learning, due to its ability to train models more efficiently on multiple tasks compared to using a group of conventional single-task models. However, MTL can be impractical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Anish Lakkapragada , Essam Sleiman , Saimourya Surabhi , Dennis P. Wall

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) aims at boosting the overall performance of each individual task by leveraging useful information contained in multiple related tasks. It has shown great success in natural language processing (NLP). Currently, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Jianquan Li , Xiaokang Liu , Wenpeng Yin , Min Yang , Liqun Ma , Yaohong Jin

Whether language models can systematically generalize remains actively debated. Yet empirical performance is jointly shaped by multiple factors such as training data, training paradigms, and inference-time strategies, making failures…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yao Tong , Jiayuan Ye , Anastasia Borovykh , Reza Shokri

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims at achieving a better model by leveraging data and knowledge from multiple tasks. However, MTL does not always work -- sometimes negative transfer occurs between tasks, especially when aggregating loosely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jingwei Ni , Zhijing Jin , Qian Wang , Mrinmaya Sachan , Markus Leippold
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