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We present a protocol for preparing oscillator states with $n$-fold rotational symmetry, which include many logical codewords for bosonic quantum error correction codes. The protocol relies on a multiphoton interaction between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Noah Gorgichuk , Mohammad Ayyash , Matteo Mariantoni , Sahel Ashhab

The scalability of photonic implementations of fault-tolerant quantum computing based on Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubits is injured by the requirements of inline squeezing and reconfigurability of the linear optical network. In this…

Noise-biased qubits are a promising route toward significantly reducing the hardware overhead associated with quantum error correction. The squeezed cat code, a non-local encoding in phase space based on squeezed coherent states, is an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-11 Timo Hillmann , Fernando Quijandría

To implement fault-tolerant quantum computation with continuous variables, the Gottesman--Kitaev--Preskill (GKP) qubit has been recognized as an important technological element. We have proposed a method to reduce the required squeezing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-23 Kosuke Fukui , Akihisa Tomita , Atsushi Okamoto

Bosonic codes, leveraging infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces for redundancy, offer great potential for encoding quantum information. However, the realization of a practical continuous-variable bosonic code that can simultaneously correct…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Yexiong Zeng , Fernando Quijandría , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) encoding of a qubit within an oscillator is particularly appealing for fault-tolerant quantum computing with bosons because Gaussian operations on encoded Pauli eigenstates enable Clifford quantum…

In quantum error correction, information is encoded in a high-dimensional system to protect it from the environment. A crucial step is to use natural, low-weight operations with an ancilla to extract information about errors without causing…

Bosonic quantum error correcting codes are primarily designed to protect against single-photon loss. To correct for this type of error, one can encode the logical qubit in code spaces with a definite photon parity, such as cat codes or…

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states appear to be amongst the leading candidates for correcting errors when encoding qubits into oscillators. However the preparation of GKP states remains a significant theoretical and experimental…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-06 Yunong Shi , Christopher Chamberland , Andrew W. Cross

Bosonic quantum codes redundantly encode quantum information in the states of a quantum harmonic oscillator, making it possible to detect and correct errors. Schr\"odinger cat codes -- based on the superposition of two coherent states with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 David S. Schlegel , Fabrizio Minganti , Vincenzo Savona

Quantum error correction is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes are particularly effective at correcting continuous noise, such as Gaussian noise and loss, and can significantly…

We examine general Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) codes for continuous-variable quantum error correction, including concatenated GKP codes, through the lens of lattice theory, in order to better understand the structure of this class of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-14 Jonathan Conrad , Jens Eisert , Francesco Arzani

Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) encoding holds promise for continuous-variable fault-tolerant quantum computing. While an ideal GKP encoding is abstract and impractical due to its nonphysical nature, approximate versions provide viable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Yexiong Zeng , Wei Qin , Ye-Hong Chen , Clemens Gneiting , Franco Nori

The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code is a promising bosonic candidate for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among existing error-correction protocols for GKP code, the Steane-type scheme is a canonical and widely adopted…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 Xiang-Jiang Chen , Hao-Miao Jiang , Liu-Jun Wang , Qing Chen

We propose a quantum error correction protocol for continuous-variable finite-energy, approximate Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states undergoing small Gaussian random displacement errors, based on the scheme of Glancy and Knill [Phys.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-26 Kwok Ho Wan , Alex Neville , W. S. Kolthammer

Quantum-enhanced measurements hold the promise to improve high-precision sensing ranging from the definition of time standards to the determination of fundamental constants of nature. However, quantum sensors lose their sensitivity in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-11 F. Reiter , A. S. Sørensen , P. Zoller , C. A. Muschik

We propose an architecture of quantum-error-correction-based quantum repeaters that combines techniques used in discrete- and continuous-variable quantum information. Specifically, we propose to encode the transmitted qubits in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-24 Filip Rozpędek , Kyungjoo Noh , Qian Xu , Saikat Guha , Liang Jiang

The realisation of a universal quantum computer at scale promises to deliver a paradigm shift in information processing, providing the capability to solve problems that are intractable with conventional computers. A key limiting factor of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-10 V. G. Matsos , C. H. Valahu , M. J. Millican , T. Navickas , X. C. Kolesnikow , M. J. Biercuk , T. R. Tan

Bosonic modes constitute a central resource in a wide range of quantum technologies, providing long-lived degrees of freedom for the storage, processing, and transduction of quantum information. Such modes naturally arise in platforms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Zhiyuan Lin , Sen Li , Jingyan Feng , Valentin Ivannikov , Matteo Fadel , Tim Byrnes

Bosonic codes encode quantum information into a single infinite-dimensional physical system endowed with error correction capabilities. This reduces the need for complex management of many physical constituents compared with standard…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Long D. H. My , Shushen Qin , Hui Khoon Ng