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Learning a medical image segmentation model is an inherently ambiguous task, as uncertainties exist in both images (noise) and manual annotations (human errors and bias) used for model training. To build a trustworthy image segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Xinyu Bai , Wenjia Bai

Uncertainty estimation in deep learning has become a leading research field in medical image analysis due to the need for safe utilisation of AI algorithms in clinical practice. Most approaches for uncertainty estimation require sampling…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-12 Kaisar Kushibar , Víctor Manuel Campello , Lidia Garrucho Moras , Akis Linardos , Petia Radeva , Karim Lekadir

Metric learning plays a critical role in training image retrieval and classification. It is also a key algorithm in representation learning, e.g., for feature learning and its alignment in metric space. Hyperbolic embedding has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Shiyang Yan , Zongxuan Liu , Lin Xu

We introduce a novel methodology for addressing systematic uncertainties in unbinned inclusive cross-section measurements and related collider-based inference problems. Our approach incorporates known analytic dependencies on parameters of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-21 Lisa Benato , Cristina Giordano , Claudius Krause , Ang Li , Robert Schöfbeck , Dennis Schwarz , Maryam Shooshtari , Daohan Wang

Within the realm of image recognition, a specific category of multi-label classification (MLC) challenges arises when objects within the visual field may occlude one another, demanding simultaneous identification of both occluded and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Xudong Gao , Xiao Guang Gao , Jia Rong , Xiaowei Chen , Xiang Liao , Jun Chen

Brain vessel segmentation of MR scans is a critical step in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases. Due to the fine vessel structure, manual vessel segmentation is time consuming. Therefore, automatic deep learning (DL) based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-31 Omini Rathore , Richard Paul , Abigail Morrison , Hanno Scharr , Elisabeth Pfaehler

Human body orientation estimation (HBOE) is widely applied into various applications, including robotics, surveillance, pedestrian analysis and autonomous driving. Although many approaches have been addressing the HBOE problem from specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Huayi Zhou , Fei Jiang , Jiaxin Si , Hongtao Lu

In this study, we explore in depth a few under-studied topics at the intersection of uncertainty estimation and segmentation. Prior work has shown that the quality of uncertainty estimates can be very sensitive to a range of variables. As…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Michael Smith , Frank P. Ferrie

The use of AI systems in healthcare for the early screening of diseases is of great clinical importance. Deep learning has shown great promise in medical imaging, but the reliability and trustworthiness of AI systems limit their deployment…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Ke Zou , Zhihao Chen , Xuedong Yuan , Xiaojing Shen , Meng Wang , Huazhu Fu

The estimation of 6D object poses is a fundamental task in many computer vision applications. Particularly, in high risk scenarios such as human-robot interaction, industrial inspection, and automation, reliable pose estimates are crucial.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Kira Wursthorn , Markus Hillemann , Markus Ulrich

Uncertainty estimation has been extensively studied in recent literature, which can usually be classified as aleatoric uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty. In current aleatoric uncertainty estimation frameworks, it is often neglected that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Jing Zhang , Yuchao Dai , Mehrtash Harandi , Yiran Zhong , Nick Barnes , Richard Hartley

Learning unbiased models on imbalanced datasets is a significant challenge. Rare classes tend to get a concentrated representation in the classification space which hampers the generalization of learned boundaries to new test examples. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Salman Khan , Munawar Hayat , Waqas Zamir , Jianbing Shen , Ling Shao

The rapid progress of diffusion models highlights the growing need for detecting generated images. Previous research demonstrates that incorporating diffusion-based measurements, such as reconstruction error, can enhance the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Yingsong Huang , Hui Guo , Jing Huang , Bing Bai , Qi Xiong

In recent years, machine learning has witnessed extensive adoption across various sectors, yet its application in medical image-based disease detection and diagnosis remains challenging due to distribution shifts in real-world data. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Masoumeh Javanbakhat , Md Tasnimul Hasan , Cristoph Lippert

Deep Learning (DL) has made remarkable achievements in computer vision and adopted in safety critical domains such as medical imaging or autonomous drive. Thus, it is necessary to understand the uncertainty of the model to effectively…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Hyekyoung Hwang , Jitae Shin

In this paper, we introduce a new technique that combines two popular methods to estimate uncertainty in object detection. Quantifying uncertainty is critical in real-world robotic applications. Traditional detection models can be ambiguous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Zongyao Lyu , Nolan B. Gutierrez , William J. Beksi

Uncertainty estimation is pivotal in machine learning, especially for classification tasks, as it improves the robustness and reliability of models. We introduce a novel `Epistemic Wrapping' methodology aimed at improving uncertainty…

We propose a simple and effective method to estimate the uncertainty of closed-source deep neural network image classification models. Given a base image, our method creates multiple transformed versions and uses them to query the top-1…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Konstantinos Pitas , Julyan Arbel

There has been a growing interest in deep learning-based prognostic and health management (PHM) for building end-to-end maintenance decision support systems, especially due to the rapid development of autonomous systems. However, the low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Taotao Zhou , Enrique Lopez Droguett , Ali Mosleh , Felix T. S. Chan

Open set recognition requires a classifier to detect samples not belonging to any of the classes in its training set. Existing methods fit a probability distribution to the training samples on their embedding space and detect outliers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-05 Hongjie Zhang , Ang Li , Jie Guo , Yanwen Guo