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Verifiable Homomorphic Encryption (VHE) is a cryptographic technique that integrates Homomorphic Encryption (HE) with Verifiable Computation (VC). It serves as a crucial technology for ensuring both privacy and integrity in outsourced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jung Hee Cheon , Daehyun Jang

The various benefits of multi-tenanting, such as higher device utilization and increased profit margin, intrigue the cloud field-programmable gate array (FPGA) servers to include multi-tenanting in their infrastructure. However, this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Nithyashankari Gummidipoondi Jayasankaran , Hao Guo , Satwik Patnaik , Jeyavijayan , Rajendran , Jiang Hu

After 38 years of birthday Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange (DHKE), there are many proposed improvements in the DHKE protocol to encounter modern security issues. This protocol seems quite simple to be implemented, but it can be vulnerable to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Mohd Anuar Mat Isa , Habibah Hashim , Jamalul-lail Ab Manan , Syed Farid Syed Adnan , Ramlan Mahmod

Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has experienced significant development and continuous breakthroughs in theory, enabling its widespread application in various fields, like outsourcing computation and secure multi-party computing, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yanwei Gong , Xiaolin Chang , Jelena Mišić , Vojislav B. Mišić , Jianhua Wang , Haoran Zhu

To investigate the effect and ability of FACTS devices using the Fast and Flexible Holomorphic Embedding technique (FFHE), it is necessary to develop an embedded system for these devices. Therefore, this paper presents FFHE based embedded…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-29 Pradeep Singh , Nilanjan Senroy

Subgraph matching is a basic operation widely used in many applications. However, due to its NP-hardness and the explosive growth of graph data, it is challenging to compute subgraph matching, especially in large graphs. In this paper, we…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Xin Jin , Zhengyi Yang , Xuemin Lin , Shiyu Yang , Lu Qin , You Peng

Camouflaging gate techniques are typically used in hardware security to prevent reverse engineering. Layout level camouflaging by adding dummy contacts ensures some level of protection against extracting the correct netlist. Threshold…

The security of FPGAs is a crucial topic, as any vulnerability within the hardware can have severe consequences, if they are used in a secure design. Since FPGA designs are encoded in a bitstream, securing the bitstream is of the utmost…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Maik Ender , Amir Moradi , Christof Paar

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), a novel cryptographic theory enabling computation directly on ciphertext data, offers significant security benefits but is hampered by substantial performance overhead. In recent years, a series of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Shengyu Fan , Xianglong Deng , Zhuoyu Tian , Zhicheng Hu , Liang Chang , Rui Hou , Dan Meng , Mingzhe Zhang

The paper describes the design and hardware implementation of 32-bit encrypted MIPS processor based on MIPS pipeline architecture. The organization of pipeline stages in such a way that pipeline can be clocked at high frequency. Encryption…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-10 Kirat Pal Singh , Dilip Kumar

Steganography embeds secret messages in seemingly innocuous carriers for covert communication under surveillance. Current Provably Secure Steganography (PSS) schemes based on language models can guarantee computational indistinguishability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Kaiyi Pang , Minhao Bai

Whilst FPGAs have enjoyed success in accelerating high-frequency financial workloads for some time, their use for quantitative finance, which is the use of mathematical models to analyse financial markets and securities, has been far more…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Mark Klaisoongnoen , Nick Brown , Oliver Brown

In this paper, we present a dynamically reconfigurable hardware accelerator called FADES (Fused Architecture for DEnse and Sparse matrices). The FADES design offers multiple configuration options that trade off parallelism and complexity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Jose Nunez-Yanez , Andres Otero , Eduardo de la Torre

Plenty of research efforts have been devoted to FPGA-based acceleration, due to its low latency and high energy efficiency. However, using the original low-level hardware description languages like Verilog to program FPGAs requires…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ruoshi Li , Hongjing Huang , Zeke Wang , Zhiyuan Shao , Xiaofei Liao , Hai Jin

We propose a privacy-preserving federated learning (FL) scheme that is resilient against straggling devices. An adaptive scenario is suggested where the slower devices share their data with the faster ones and do not participate in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Marvin Xhemrishi , Alexandre Graell i Amat , Eirik Rosnes , Antonia Wachter-Zeh

This study presents an efficient implementation of transformer architectures in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGAs) using hls4ml. We demonstrate the strategy for implementing the multi-head attention, softmax, and normalization layer and…

Although homomorphic encryption can be incorporated into neural network layers for securing machine learning tasks, such as confidential inference over encrypted data samples and encrypted local models in federated learning, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Dongfang Zhao

The growing demand for efficient, high-performance processing in machine learning (ML) and image processing has made hardware accelerators, such as GPUs and Data Streaming Accelerators (DSAs), increasingly essential. These accelerators…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Qunyou Liu , Marina Zapater , David Atienza

This paper introduces a computer architecture, where part of the instruction set architecture (ISA) is implemented on small highly-integrated field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). Small FPGAs inside a general-purpose processor (CPU) can…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Philippos Papaphilippou , Myrtle Shah

As privacy protection gains increasing importance, more models are being trained on edge devices and subsequently merged into the central server through Federated Learning (FL). However, current research overlooks the impact of network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Hangyu Li , Hongyue Wu , Guodong Fan , Zhen Zhang , Shizhan Chen , Zhiyong Feng