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Researchers have relegated natural language processing tasks to Transformer-type models, particularly generative models, because these models exhibit high versatility when performing generation and classification tasks. As the size of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Fabio Yáñez-Romero , Andrés Montoyo , Armando Suárez , Yoan Gutiérrez , Ruslan Mitkov

Despite the recent progress in Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), it remains challenging to explain the predictions made by GNNs. Existing explanation methods mainly focus on post-hoc explanations where another explanatory model is employed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu , Hao Wang , Chengqiang Lu , Cheekong Lee

Given the increasing promise of graph neural networks (GNNs) in real-world applications, several methods have been developed for explaining their predictions. Existing methods for interpreting predictions from GNNs have primarily focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Ana Lucic , Maartje ter Hoeve , Gabriele Tolomei , Maarten de Rijke , Fabrizio Silvestri

The exploration of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for processing graph-structured data has expanded, particularly their potential for causal analysis due to their universal approximation capabilities. Anticipated to significantly enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Lin Li , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong

Graph autoencoders (GAEs) are powerful tools in representation learning for graph embedding. However, the performance of GAEs is very dependent on the quality of the graph structure, i.e., of the adjacency matrix. In other words, GAEs would…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Rui Zhang , Yunxing Zhang , Xuelong Li

Inferring the structure of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) from data is a central challenge in causal discovery, particularly in modern high-dimensional settings where large-scale interventional data are increasingly available. While…

Graph embedding is essential for graph mining tasks. With the prevalence of graph data in real-world applications, many methods have been proposed in recent years to learn high-quality graph embedding vectors various types of graphs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jianxin Li , Xingcheng Fu , Hao Peng , Senzhang Wang , Shijie Zhu , Qingyun Sun , Philip S. Yu , Lifang He

This paper introduces a graphical model, namely an explanatory graph, which reveals the knowledge hierarchy hidden inside conv-layers of a pre-trained CNN. Each filter in a conv-layer of a CNN for object classification usually represents a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-20 Quanshi Zhang , Xin Wang , Ruiming Cao , Ying Nian Wu , Feng Shi , Song-Chun Zhu

The large success of deep learning based methods in Visual Question Answering (VQA) has concurrently increased the demand for explainable methods. Most methods in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) focus on generating post-hoc…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu

Recent research has explored the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) for tackling complex graph reasoning tasks. However, due to the intricacies of graph structures and the inherent limitations of LLMs in handling long text, current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yuwei Hu , Runlin Lei , Xinyi Huang , Zhewei Wei , Yongchao Liu

Generating realistic graph-structured data is challenging due to discrete connectivity, varying graph sizes, and class-specific structural patterns. Recent Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN)-based graph generation methods improve edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 James Sargant , Seyedeh Ava Razi Razavi , Renata Dividino , Sheridan Houghten

Explainable AI aims to render model behavior understandable by humans, which can be seen as an intermediate step in extracting causal relations from correlative patterns. Due to the high risk of possible fatal decisions in image-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Lukas Klein , João B. S. Carvalho , Mennatallah El-Assady , Paolo Penna , Joachim M. Buhmann , Paul F. Jaeger

Document layout analysis has a wide range of requirements across various domains, languages, and business scenarios. However, most current state-of-the-art algorithms are language-dependent, with architectures that rely on transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Shu Wei , Nuo Xu

Non-parallel text style transfer has attracted increasing research interests in recent years. Despite successes in transferring the style based on the encoder-decoder framework, current approaches still lack the ability to preserve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Yukai Shi , Sen Zhang , Chenxing Zhou , Xiaodan Liang , Xiaojun Yang , Liang Lin

Graph structured data has wide applicability in various domains such as physics, chemistry, biology, computer vision, and social networks, to name a few. Recently, graph neural networks (GNN) were shown to be successful in effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Qiang Huang , Makoto Yamada , Yuan Tian , Dinesh Singh , Dawei Yin , Yi Chang

Generative models for source code are an interesting structured prediction problem, requiring to reason about both hard syntactic and semantic constraints as well as about natural, likely programs. We present a novel model for this problem…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Marc Brockschmidt , Miltiadis Allamanis , Alexander L. Gaunt , Oleksandr Polozov

Explainability is crucial for the application of black-box Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in critical fields such as healthcare, finance, cybersecurity, and more. Various feature attribution methods, especially the perturbation-based methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Xingping Xian , Jianlu Liu , Chao Wang , Tao Wu , Shaojie Qiao , Xiaochuan Tang , Qun Liu

Causal discovery from observational data is challenging, especially with large datasets and complex relationships. Traditional methods often struggle with scalability and capturing global structural information. To overcome these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Rezaur Rashid , Gabriel Terejanu

Despite advances in generative methods, accurately modeling the distribution of graphs remains a challenging task primarily because of the absence of predefined or inherent unique graph representation. Two main strategies have emerged to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Yoann Boget , Magda Gregorova , Alexandros Kalousis

We report a flexible language-model based deep learning strategy, applied here to solve complex forward and inverse problems in protein modeling, based on an attention neural network that integrates transformer and graph convolutional…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-20 Markus J. Buehler