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The rapid expansion of AI-generated content (AIGC) reflects the iteration from assistive AI towards generative AI (GAI) with creativity. Meanwhile, the 6G networks will also evolve from the Internet-of-everything to the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ning Chen , Jie Yang , Zhipeng Cheng , Xuwei Fan , Zhang Liu , Bangzhen Huang , Yifeng Zhao , Lianfen Huang , Xiaojiang Du , Mohsen Guizani

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized language understanding and human-like text generation, drawing interest from many other fields with this question in mind: What else are the LLMs capable of? Despite their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Nurullah Sevim , Mostafa Ibrahim , Sabit Ekin

The sixth generation (6G) network is expected to deploy larger multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays to support massive connectivity, which will increase overhead and latency at the physical layer. Meanwhile, emerging 6G demands such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Keke Ying , Zhen Gao , Tingting Yang , Jianhua Zhang , Xiang Cheng , Tony Q. S. Quek , H. Vincent Poor

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is a promising technique towards 6G networks, and generative foundation models such as large language models (LLMs) have attracted considerable interest from academia and telecom industry. This work…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Hao Zhou , Chengming Hu , Dun Yuan , Ye Yuan , Di Wu , Xue Liu , Zhu Han , Charlie Zhang

As Fifth generation (5G) cellular systems transition to softwarized, programmable, and intelligent networks, it becomes fundamental to enable public and private 5G deployments that are (i) primarily based on software components while (ii)…

The vision of 6G communication demands autonomous and resilient networking in environments without fixed infrastructure. Yet most multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) approaches focus on isolated stages - exploration, relay formation,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Han Zeng , Haibo Wang , Luhao Fan , Bingcheng Zhu , Xiaohu You , Zaichen Zhang

The growing demand for ubiquitous mobile data services along with the scarcity of spectrum in the sub-6 GHz bands has given rise to the recent interest in developing wireless systems that can exploit the large amount of spectrum available…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Russell Ford , Menglei Zhang , Sourjya Dutta , Marco Mezzavilla , Sundeep Rangan , Michele Zorzi

MIMO technology has been studied in textbooks for several decades, and it has been adopted in 4G and 5G systems. Due to the recent evolution in 5G and beyond networks, designed to cover a wide range of use cases with every time more complex…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Biljana Bojovic , Sandra Lagen

The increasing complexity of 6G systems demands innovative tools for network management, simulation, and optimization. This work introduces the integration of ns-3 with Sionna RT, establishing the foundation for the first open source…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Roberto Pegurri , Francesco Linsalata , Eugenio Moro , Jakob Hoydis , Umberto Spagnolini

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess human-level cognitive and decision-making capabilities, making them a key technology for 6G. However, applying LLMs to the communication domain faces three major challenges: 1) Inadequate communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Feibo Jiang , Wanyun Zhu , Li Dong , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Octavia A. Dobre

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize the Sixth Generation (6G) communication networks. However, current mainstream LLMs generally lack the specialized knowledge in telecom domain. In this paper, for the first…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Hang Zou , Qiyang Zhao , Yu Tian , Lina Bariah , Faouzi Bader , Thierry Lestable , Merouane Debbah

The disruptive technology provided by large-scale pre-trained language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT or GPT-4 has received significant attention in several application domains, often with an emphasis on high-level opportunities and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Philippe J. Giabbanelli

Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks are envisioned to be equipped with a diverse set of powerful, yet highly specialized, optimization experts. Such a promising vision is concurrently expected to give rise to the need for scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Robert-Jeron Reifert , Alaa Alameer Ahmad , Hayssam Dahrouj , Aydin Sezgin

With the advent of 5G and the anticipated arrival of 6G, there has been a growing research interest in combining mobile networks with Non-Terrestrial Network platforms such as low earth orbit satellites and Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Saira Bano , Achilles Machumilane , Pietro Cassarà , Alberto Gotta

The current trend for highly dynamic and virtualized networking infrastructure made automated networking a critical requirement. Multiple solutions have been proposed to address this, including the most sought-after machine learning…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Sam Aleyadeh , Abbas Javadtalab , Abdallah Shami

The upcoming Sixth Generation (6G) mobile communications system envisions supporting a variety of use cases with differing characteristics, e.g., very low to extremely high data rates, diverse latency needs, ultra massive connectivity,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Rashmi Yadav , Rashmi Kamran , Pranav Jha , Abhay Karandikar

Implications of the advancements in the area of artificial intelligence to the wireless communications is extremely significant, especially in terms of resource management. In this paper, a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)-empowered…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Onur Salan , Burak Çırağ , Onur Sever , İbrahim Hökelek , Ali Görçin , Hakan Ali Çırpan

Sixth-generation (6G) networks are evolving towards new features and order-of-magnitude enhancement of systematic performance metrics compared to the current 5G. In particular, the 6G networks are expected to achieve extreme connectivity…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI systems by enabling communication with machines using natural language. Recent developments in Generative AI (GenAI) like Vision-Language Models (GPT-4V) and Gemini have shown great…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Jakub M. Tomczak

Recent advances in intelligent network control have primarily relied on task-specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) models deployed separately within the Radio Access Network (RAN) and Core Network (CN). While effective for isolated models,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Youbin Han , Haneul Ko , Namseok Ko , Tarik Taleb , Yan Chen