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Protein-DNA interaction is critical for life activities such as replication, transcription, and splicing. Identifying protein-DNA binding residues is essential for modeling their interaction and downstream studies. However, developing…
High throughput sequencing techniques have highly impactedon modern biology, widening the gap between sequenced andannotated data. Automatic annotation tools are thereforeof the foremost importance to guide biologists' experiments. However,…
Biology is perhaps the most complex of the sciences, given the incredible variety of chemical species that are interconnected in spatial and temporal pathways that are daunting to understand. Their interconnections lead to emergent…
Biochemical reactions involving three or more reactants, called higher-molecular reactions, play an important role in theoretical systems and synthetic biology. In particular, such reactions underpin a variety of important bio-dynamical…
Prediction of complete step-by-step chemical reaction mechanisms (CRMs) remains a major challenge. Whereas the traditional approaches in CRM tasks rely on expert-driven experiments or costly quantum chemical computations, contemporary deep…
With the rapid growth of Web-based academic publications, more and more papers are being published annually, making it increasingly difficult to find relevant prior work. Citation prediction aims to automatically suggest appropriate…
Stochastic reaction networks are mathematical models with a wide range of applications in biochemistry, ecology, and epidemiology, and are often complex to analyze. Except for some special cases, it is generally difficult to predict how the…
Thermodynamic constraints on reactions directions are inherent in the structure of a given biochemical network. However, concrete procedures for determining feasible reaction directions for large-scale metabolic networks are not well…
Chemical reactions occur in energy, environmental, biological, and many other natural systems, and the inference of the reaction networks is essential to understand and design the chemical processes in engineering and life sciences. Yet,…
Classification of proteins based on their structure provides a valuable resource for studying protein structure, function and evolutionary relationships. With the rapidly increasing number of known protein structures, manual and…
Reaction coordinates are widely used throughout chemical physics to model and understand complex chemical transformations. We introduce a definition of the natural reaction coordinate, suitable for condensed phase and biomolecular systems,…
Understanding the set of elementary steps and kinetics in each reaction is extremely valuable to make informed decisions about creating the next generation of catalytic materials. With physical and mechanistic complexity of industrial…
Many proteins undergo conformational changes during their activity. A full understanding of the function of these proteins can only be obtained if different conformations and transitions between them can be monitored in aqueous solution,…
Formal methods have enabled breakthroughs in many fields, such as in hardware verification, machine learning and biological systems. The key object of interest in systems biology, synthetic biology, and molecular programming is chemical…
The spatial organization of enzymes often plays a crucial role in the functionality and efficiency of enzymatic pathways. To fully understand the design and operation of enzymatic pathways, it is therefore crucial to understand how the…
Proteases regulate various aspects of the life cycle in all organisms by cleaving specific peptide bonds. Their action is so central for biochemical processes that at least 2% of any known genome encodes for proteolytic enzymes. Here we…
Chemical synthesis remains a critical bottleneck in the discovery and manufacture of functional small molecules. AI-based synthesis planning models could be a potential remedy to find effective syntheses, and have made progress in recent…
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at recognizing individual visual elements and reasoning over simple linear diagrams. However, when faced with complex topological structures involving branching paths, converging flows, and…
Post-transductional modifications tune the functions of proteins and regulate the collective dynamics of biochemical networks that determine how cells respond to environmental signals. For example, protein phosphorylation and nitrosylation…
Recent advances in reaction prediction have achieved near-saturated accuracy on standard benchmarks (e.g., USPTO), yet most state-of-the-art models formulate the task as a one-shot mapping from reactants to products, offering limited…