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Augmenting Large Language Models (LLMs) with retrieved external knowledge has proven effective for improving the factual accuracy of generated responses. Despite their success, retrieval-augmented LLMs still face the distractibility issue,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zexuan Qiu , Zijing Ou , Bin Wu , Jingjing Li , Aiwei Liu , Irwin King

This paper studies close-loop task planning, which refers to the process of generating a sequence of skills (a plan) to accomplish a specific goal while adapting the plan based on real-time observations. Recently, prompting Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Mengkang Hu , Yao Mu , Xinmiao Yu , Mingyu Ding , Shiguang Wu , Wenqi Shao , Qiguang Chen , Bin Wang , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

When generating text from probabilistic models, the chosen decoding strategy has a profound effect on the resulting text. Yet the properties elicited by various decoding strategies do not always transfer across natural language generation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Gian Wiher , Clara Meister , Ryan Cotterell

The ability of generative large language models (LLMs) to perform in-context learning has given rise to a large body of research into how best to prompt models for various natural language processing tasks. In this paper, we focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Armel Zebaze , Benoît Sagot , Rachel Bawden

We study a relaxation of the problem of coupling probability distributions -- a list of samples is generated from one distribution and an accept is declared if any one of these samples is identical to the sample generated from the other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Joseph Rowan , Buu Phan , Ashish Khisti

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various applications, fundamentally reshaping the landscape of natural language processing (NLP) research. However, recent evaluation frameworks often rely on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Chenyang Lyu , Minghao Wu , Alham Fikri Aji

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive natural language capabilities but suffer from hallucination -- generating content ungrounded in the realities of training data. Recent work has focused on decoding techniques to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Souvik Das , Lifeng Jin , Linfeng Song , Haitao Mi , Baolin Peng , Dong Yu

Exploring the application of large language models (LLMs) to graph learning is a emerging endeavor. However, the vast amount of information inherent in large graphs poses significant challenges to this process. This work focuses on the link…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Baolong Bi , Shenghua Liu , Yiwei Wang , Lingrui Mei , Xueqi Cheng

Packing and shuffling tokens is a common practice in training auto-regressive language models (LMs) to prevent overfitting and improve efficiency. Typically documents are concatenated to chunks of maximum sequence length (MSL) and then…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yanbing Chen , Ruilin Wang , Zihao Yang , Lavender Yao Jiang , Eric Karl Oermann

Controlling the length of text produced by large language models (LLMs) remains challenging: models frequently overshoot or undershoot explicit length instructions because they cannot reliably keep an internal token count. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Juncheng Xie , Hung-yi Lee

We introduce a novel evaluation framework for Large Language Models (LLMs) such as \textsc{Llama-2} and \textsc{Mistral}, focusing on importing Precision and Recall metrics from image generation to text generation. This approach allows for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Florian Le Bronnec , Alexandre Verine , Benjamin Negrevergne , Yann Chevaleyre , Alexandre Allauzen

Language models (LMs) are trained on billions of tokens in an attempt to recover the true language distribution. Still, vanilla random sampling from LMs yields low quality generations. Decoding algorithms attempt to restrict the LM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Kareem Ahmed , Sameer Singh

Synthetic text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) is increasingly used for further training and improvement of LLMs. Diversity is crucial for the effectiveness of synthetic data, and researchers rely on prompt engineering to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Vijeta Deshpande , Ishita Dasgupta , Uttaran Bhattacharya , Somdeb Sarkhel , Saayan Mitra , Anna Rumshisky

Pretrained multilingual large language models have typically used heuristic temperature-based sampling to balance between different languages. However previous work has not systematically evaluated the efficacy of different pretraining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Hyung Won Chung , Noah Constant , Xavier Garcia , Adam Roberts , Yi Tay , Sharan Narang , Orhan Firat

Speculative decoding is a promising approach for accelerating large language models. The primary idea is to use a lightweight draft model to speculate the output of the target model for multiple subsequent timesteps, and then verify them in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Yepeng Weng , Qiao Hu , Xujie Chen , Li Liu , Dianwen Mei , Huishi Qiu , Jiang Tian , Zhongchao Shi

Large language models show great potential in generating and optimizing code. Widely used sampling methods such as Nucleus Sampling increase the diversity of generation but often produce repeated samples for low temperatures and incoherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Dejan Grubisic , Chris Cummins , Volker Seeker , Hugh Leather

With adversarial or otherwise normal prompts, existing large language models (LLM) can be pushed to generate toxic discourses. One way to reduce the risk of LLMs generating undesired discourses is to alter the training of the LLM. This can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Meng Cao , Mehdi Fatemi , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Samira Shabanian

This paper studies closed-loop chance constrained control problems with disturbance feedback (equivalently state feedback) where state and input vectors must remain in a prescribed polytopic safe region with a predefined confidence level.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Hossein Sartipizadeh , Behçet Açikmeşe

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across various tasks, with pre-training stage serving as the cornerstone of their capabilities. However, the conventional fixed-length data composition strategy for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Qing Yang , Qiyao Peng , Hongtao Liu , Kai Liu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

A plethora of protein language models have been released in recent years. Yet comparatively little work has addressed how to best sample from them to optimize desired biological properties. We fill this gap by proposing a flexible,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Calvin McCarter , Nick Bhattacharya , Sebastian W. Ober , Hunter Elliott