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How predictable a word is can be quantified in two ways: using human responses to the cloze task or using probabilities from language models (LMs).When used as predictors of processing effort, LM probabilities outperform probabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Sathvik Nair , Byung-Doh Oh

The end-to-end TTS, which can predict speech directly from a given sequence of graphemes or phonemes, has shown improved performance over the conventional TTS. However, its predicting capability is still limited by the acoustic/phonetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Haohan Guo , Frank K. Soong , Lei He , Lei Xie

While there has been significant progress towards modelling coherence in written discourse, the work in modelling spoken discourse coherence has been quite limited. Unlike the coherence in text, coherence in spoken discourse is also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Rajaswa Patil , Yaman Kumar Singla , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Mika Hama , Roger Zimmermann

This paper explores predicting suitable prosodic features for fine-grained emotion analysis from the discourse-level text. To obtain fine-grained emotional prosodic features as predictive values for our model, we extract a phoneme-level…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Xianhao Wei , Jia Jia , Xiang Li , Zhiyong Wu , Ziyi Wang

Recent advances in deep learning methods have elevated synthetic speech quality to human level, and the field is now moving towards addressing prosodic variation in synthetic speech.Despite successes in this effort, the state-of-the-art…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-30 Antti Suni , Sofoklis Kakouros , Martti Vainio , Juraj Šimko

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit human-like patterns of pragmatic and social reasoning. This paper addresses two related questions: do LLMs approximate human social meaning not only qualitatively but also quantitatively,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Roland Mühlenbernd

Speaker verification systems are vulnerable to spoofing attacks which presents a major problem in their real-life deployment. To date, most of the proposed synthetic speech detectors (SSDs) have weighted the importance of different segments…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Ali Khodabakhsh , Cenk Demiroglu

Second-order statistical methods show very good results for automatic speaker identification in controlled recording conditions. These approaches are generally used on the entire speech material available. In this paper, we study the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ivan Magrin-Chagnolleau , Jean François Bonastre , Frédéric Bimbot

While it is nearly effortless for humans to quickly assess the perceptual similarity between two images, the underlying processes are thought to be quite complex. Despite this, the most widely used perceptual metrics today, such as PSNR and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-12 Richard Zhang , Phillip Isola , Alexei A. Efros , Eli Shechtman , Oliver Wang

Research in the social sciences and psychology has shown that the persuasiveness of an argument depends not only the language employed, but also on attributes of the source/communicator, the audience, and the appropriateness and strength of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Esin Durmus , Faisal Ladhak , Claire Cardie

With the widespread use of telemedicine services, automatic assessment of health conditions via telephone speech can significantly impact public health. This work summarizes our preliminary findings on automatic detection of respiratory…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-19 Meemnur Rashid , Kaisar Ahmed Alman , Khaled Hasan , John H. L. Hansen , Taufiq Hasan

Language models have become nearly ubiquitous in natural language processing applications achieving state-of-the-art results in many tasks including prosody. As the model design does not define predetermined linguistic targets during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Sofoklis Kakouros , Johannah O'Mahony

This paper proposes an Expressive Speech Synthesis model that utilizes token-level latent prosodic variables in order to capture and control utterance-level attributes, such as character acting voice and speaking style. Current works aim to…

Text-to-speech is now able to achieve near-human naturalness and research focus has shifted to increasing expressivity. One popular method is to transfer the prosody from a reference speech sample. There have been considerable advances in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-22 Alexandra Torresquintero , Tian Huey Teh , Christopher G. R. Wallis , Marlene Staib , Devang S Ram Mohan , Vivian Hu , Lorenzo Foglianti , Jiameng Gao , Simon King

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we present a review of different recording options for gathering prosodic data in the event that fieldwork is impracticable (e.g. due to pandemics). Under this light, we mimic a long-distance reading…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Giuseppe Magistro

Sarcasm, a common feature of human communication, poses challenges in interpersonal interactions and human-machine interactions. Linguistic research has highlighted the importance of prosodic cues, such as variations in pitch, speaking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Xiyuan Gao , Shekhar Nayak , Matt Coler

Speakers of all human languages make use of grammatical devices to express attributional qualities, feelings, and opinions as well as to provide meta-commentary on topics in discourse. In general, linguists refer to this category as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Harshit Parmar , Jeffrey P. Williams

This work investigates whether modern speech models are sensitive to prosodic emphasis - whether they encode emphasized and neutral words in systematically different ways. Prior work typically relies on isolated acoustic correlates (e.g.,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-18 Shaun Cassini , Thomas Hain , Anton Ragni

Deep learning models are known to overfit and memorize spurious features in the training dataset. While numerous empirical studies have aimed at understanding this phenomenon, a rigorous theoretical framework to quantify it is still…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-20 Simone Bombari , Marco Mondelli

Context-based fine-tuning methods, including prompting, in-context learning, soft prompting (also known as prompt tuning), and prefix-tuning, have gained popularity due to their ability to often match the performance of full fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Aleksandar Petrov , Philip H. S. Torr , Adel Bibi