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Despite significant recent progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), current MLLMs are challenged by "spatio-temporal" prompts, i.e., prompts that refer to 1) the entirety of an environment encoded in a point cloud that the MLLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Haozhen Zheng , Beitong Tian , Mingyuan Wu , Zhenggang Tang , Klara Nahrstedt , Alex Schwing

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be capable of performing high-level planning for long-horizon robotics tasks, yet existing methods require access to a pre-defined skill library (e.g. picking, placing, pulling, pushing,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Murtaza Dalal , Tarun Chiruvolu , Devendra Chaplot , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

In many reasoning tasks, large language models (LLMs) rely on structured external knowledge, such as graphs and tables, which is typically linearized into sequential token representations. However, even when sufficient knowledge is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Shanghao Li , Jinda Han , Yibo Wang , Yuanjie Zhu , Zihe Song , Langzhou He , Kenan Kamel A Alghythee , Philip S. Yu

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with complex mathematical tasks, prone to "hallucinating" incorrect answers due to their reliance on statistical patterns. This limitation is further amplified in average Small LangSLMs with…

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) is a milestone in generative artificial intelligence, achieving significant success in text comprehension and generation tasks. Despite the tremendous success of LLMs in many downstream tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 He Li , Haoang Chi , Mingyu Liu , Wenjing Yang

Hallucinations (i.e., generating plausible but inaccurate content) and laziness (i.e. excessive refusals or defaulting to "I don't know") persist as major challenges in LLM reasoning. Current efforts to reduce hallucinations primarily focus…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Zirui Zhao , Hanze Dong , Amrita Saha , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Spatial reasoning is a crucial component of both biological and artificial intelligence. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the capability of current state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) on spatial reasoning. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Md Imbesat Hassan Rizvi , Xiaodan Zhu , Iryna Gurevych

This study investigates the spatial reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting and reinforcement learning. We begin by evaluating the impact of different prompting strategies and find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Binbin Ji , Siddharth Agrawal , Qiance Tang , Yvonne Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) driven by In-Context Learning (ICL) have significantly improved the performance of text-to-SQL. Previous methods generally employ a two-stage reasoning framework, namely 1) schema linking and 2) logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Ge Qu , Jinyang Li , Bowen Li , Bowen Qin , Nan Huo , Chenhao Ma , Reynold Cheng

Autonomous navigation guided by natural language instructions is essential for improving human-robot interaction and enabling complex operations in dynamic environments. While large language models (LLMs) are not inherently designed for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Pranav Doma , Aliasghar Arab , Xuesu Xiao

Recent years have witnessed significant progress in large language models' (LLMs) reasoning, which is largely due to the chain-of-thought (CoT) approaches, allowing models to generate intermediate reasoning steps before reaching the final…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zuoli Tang , Junjie Ou , Kaiqin Hu , Chunwei Wu , Zhaoxin Huan , Chilin Fu , Xiaolu Zhang , Jun Zhou , Chenliang Li

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in tasks such as code and mathematics. However, their potential to internalize structured spatial knowledge remains underexplored. This study investigates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Sirui Xia , Aili Chen , Xintao Wang , Tinghui Zhu , Yikai Zhang , Jiangjie Chen , Yanghua Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced communications fields, such as Telecom Q\&A, mathematical modeling, and coding. However, LLMs encounter an inherent issue known as hallucination, i.e., generating fact-conflicting or…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Yinqiu Liu , Guangyuan Liu , Ruichen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Zehui Xiong , Dong In Kim , Kaibin Huang , Hongyang Du

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse tasks, yet their ability to perform structured symbolic planning remains limited, particularly in domains requiring formal representations like the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Pulkit Verma , Ngoc La , Anthony Favier , Swaroop Mishra , Julie A. Shah

Recently evolved large reasoning models (LRMs) show powerful performance in solving complex tasks with long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning capability. As these LRMs are mostly developed by post-training on formal reasoning tasks, whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Zijun Yao , Yantao Liu , Yanxu Chen , Jianhui Chen , Junfeng Fang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Tat-Seng Chua

Traffic prediction, an essential component for intelligent transportation systems, endeavours to use historical data to foresee future traffic features at specific locations. Although existing traffic prediction models often emphasize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Chenxi Liu , Sun Yang , Qianxiong Xu , Zhishuai Li , Cheng Long , Ziyue Li , Rui Zhao

Currently, the main approach for Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle the hallucination issue is incorporating Knowledge Graphs(KGs).However, LLMs typically treat KGs as plain text, extracting only semantic information and limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yifang Zhang , Pengfei Duan , Yiwen Yang , Shengwu Xiong

Large Language Models (LLMs) were shown to struggle with long-term planning, which may be caused by the limited way in which they explore the space of possible solutions. We propose an architecture where a Reinforcement Learning (RL) Agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Yoav Alon , Cristina David

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in a wide-range of language tasks without requiring task-specific fine-tuning. However, they remain prone to hallucinations and inconsistencies, and often struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Matt Pauk , Maria Leonor Pacheco

To address hallucination issues in large language models (LLMs), this paper proposes a method for mitigating prompt-induced hallucinations. Building on a knowledge distillation chain-style model, we introduce a code module to guide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Jinbo Hao , Kai Yang , Qingzhen Su , Yang Chen , Yifan Li , Chao Jiang