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In quantum sensing of magnetic fields, ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond offer high sensitivity, high bandwidth and outstanding spatial resolution while operating in harsh environments. Moreover, the orientation of defect…

This paper presents a compact low-temperature atomic vector magnetometer for weak field measurements, using an atomic cell containing two orthogonal multipass cavities. At the working temperature of 75 $^\circ$C, the magnetic field…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-03-09 Siqi Liu , Qianqian Yu , Hao Zhou , Dong Sheng

Robust calibration of vector optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) is a nontrivial task, but increasingly important for applications requiring high-accuracy such as magnetic navigation, geophysics research, and space exploration. Here, we…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-02-28 Christopher Kiehl , Thanmay S. Menon , Svenja Knappe , Tobias Thiele , Cindy A. Regal

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are compact and lightweight sensors that can measure magnetic fields generated by current flow in neuronal assemblies in the brain. Such sensors enable construction of magnetoencephalography (MEG)…

We present a novel four-channel OPM sensor for magnetoencephalography that utilizes a two-color pump/probe scheme on a single optical axis. We characterize its performance across 18 built sensor modules. The new sensor implements several…

Many experiments involving cold and ultracold atomic gases require very precise control of magnetic fields that couple to and drive the atomic spins. Examples include quantum control of atomic spins, quantum control and quantum simulation…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2011-10-11 Aaron Smith , Brian E. Anderson , Souma Chaudhury , Poul S. Jessen

Magnetic field imaging is a valuable resource for signal source localization and characterization. This work reports an optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) based on the free-induction-decay (FID) protocol, that implements microfabricated…

Many characterization techniques for magnetic nanoparticles depend on the usage of external fields. This is not the case in Thermal Noise Magnetometry (TNM), where thermal fluctuations in the magnetic signal of magnetic nanoparticle…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Katrijn Everaert , Tilmann Sander , Rainer Körber , Norbert Loewa , Bartel Van Waeyenberge , Jonathan Leliaert , Frank Wiekhorst

Double-resonance optically pumped magnetometers are an attractive instrument for unshielded magnetic field measurements due to their wide dynamic range and high sensitivity. Use of linearly polarised pump light creates alignment in the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Stuart J. Ingleby , Carolyn O'Dwyer , Paul F. Griffin , Aidan S. Arnold , Erling Riis

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) based on alkali-atom vapors are ultra-sensitive devices for dc and low-frequency ac magnetic measurements. Here, in combination with fast-field-cycling hardware and high-resolution spectroscopic…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-07-21 Sven Bodenstedt , Morgan Mitchell , Michael Tayler

Scalar optically-pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are being developed in small packages with high sensitivities. The high common-mode rejection ratio of these sensors allows for detection of very small signals in the presence of large background…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-09-17 Richard J. Clancy , Vladislav Gerginov , Orang Alem , Stephen Becker , Svenja Knappe

Developing a non-invasive, accurate vector magnetometer that operates at ambient temperature and is conducive to miniaturization and is self-calibrating is a significant challenge. Here, we present an unshielded three-axis vector…

Optical magnetometers are currently able to achieve magnetometric sensitivities below 1 fT/Hz^1/2. Although such sensitivities are typically obtained for ultra-low-field measurements, a group of optical magnetometers allows the detection of…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Przemyslaw Wlodarczyk , Szymon Pustelny , Jerzy Zachorowski , Marcin Lipinski

We introduce and experimentally demonstrate a method for measuring at the same time the mean and the variance of the photonic orbital angular momentum (OAM) distribution in any paraxial optical field, without passing through the acquisition…

We present the concept and the results of an investigation of an all-optical vector magnetic field sensor scheme developed for biological applications such as non-zero field magnetoencephalography and magnetocardiography. The scheme differs…

Damage in infrastructure is often hidden until it becomes costly or dangerous. Common examples include corrosion under insulation, early fatigue damage in steel, corrosion of embedded reinforcement, and abnormal current flow in batteries…

Applied Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Muhammad Mahmudul Hasan , Ingrid Torres , Alex Krasnok

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) are revolutionising the task of magnetic-field sensing due to their extremely high sensitivity combined with technological improvements in miniaturisation which have led to compact and portable devices.…

We demonstrate a fast three-axis optical magnetometer using cold, optically-trapped $^{87}$Rb gas as a sensor. By near-resonant Faraday rotation we record the free-induction decay following optical pumping along two orthogonal axes to…

Geomagnetic surveys provide insight into the subsurface for a range of applications, from fundamental understanding of geological processes, to mineral exploration and locating unexploded ordnance. A persistent challenge in performing such…

High-precision triaxial acceleration detection holds critical applications in seismic wave detection, geological resource exploration, and aerospace systems. Fabry-Perot (FP) optical sensors have gained widespread adoption in these domains…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-27 Chaoyue Liu , Ping Lu