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We introduce a novel statistical significance-based approach for clustering hierarchical data using semi-parametric linear mixed-effects models designed for responses with laws in the exponential family (e.g., Poisson and Bernoulli). Within…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-04 Alessandra Ragni , Chiara Masci , Francesca Ieva , Anna Maria Paganoni

The mixture model is undoubtedly one of the greatest contributions to clustering. For continuous data, Gaussian models are often used and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm is particularly suitable for estimating parameters from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-25 Zineddine Tighidet , Lazhar Labiod , Mohamed Nadif

We study two practically important cases of model based clustering using Gaussian Mixture Models: (1) when there is misspecification and (2) on high dimensional data, in the light of recent advances in Gradient Descent (GD) based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-28 Siva Rajesh Kasa , Vaibhav Rajan

Federated Learning (FL) is a machine learning paradigm that safeguards privacy by retaining client data on edge devices. However, optimizing FL in practice can be challenging due to the diverse and heterogeneous nature of the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yongxin Guo , Xiaoying Tang , Tao Lin

When it comes to clustering nonconvex shapes, two paradigms are used to find the most suitable clustering: minimum cut and maximum density. The most popular algorithms incorporating these paradigms are Spectral Clustering and DBSCAN. Both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Sibylle Hess , Wouter Duivesteijn , Philipp Honysz , Katharina Morik

There is an extensive set of methods to determine sparse sources from mixtures where the mixing coefficients are unknown. Each method involves plotting N sets of mixed data against each other in N-dimensional space. In the approach adopted…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-27 Malcolm Woolfson

We investigate a clustering problem with data from a mixture of Gaussians that share a common but unknown, and potentially ill-conditioned, covariance matrix. We start by considering Gaussian mixtures with two equally-sized components and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-30 Damek Davis , Mateo Díaz , Kaizheng Wang

Mixture models are becoming a popular tool for the clustering and classification of high-dimensional data. In such high dimensional applications, model selection is problematic. The Bayesian information criterion, which is popular in lower…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-06-06 Sakyajit Bhattacharya , Paul D. McNicholas

Clustering in image analysis is a central technique that allows to classify elements of an image. We describe a simple clustering technique that uses the method of similarity matrices. We expand upon recent results in spectral analysis for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-23 Denis Gaidashev , Ralf Pihlström , Martin Ryner

In this paper, a statistical model for panel data with unobservable grouped factor structures which are correlated with the regressors and the group membership can be unknown. The factor loadings are assumed to be in different subspaces and…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-02-26 Jiangtao Duan , Wei Gao , Hao Qu , Hon Keung Tony

This paper develops a novel hybrid approach for estimating the mixture model of $t$-factor analyzers (MtFA) that employs multivariate $t$-distribution and factor model to cluster and characterize grouped data. The traditional estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-06 Kazeem Kareem , Fan Dai

The spectral clustering algorithm is often used as a binary clustering method for unclassified data by applying the principal component analysis. To study theoretical properties of the algorithm, the assumption of conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Kohei Kawamoto , Yuichi Goto , Koji Tsukuda

Despite tremendous advancements in Artificial Intelligence, learning from large sets of data in an unsupervised manner remains a significant challenge. Classical clustering algorithms often fail to discover complex dependencies in large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Adam Piróg , Halina Kwaśnicka

Multi-sensor data that track system operating behaviors are widely available nowadays from various engineering systems. Measurements from each sensor over time form a curve and can be viewed as functional data. Clustering of these…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-08 Zhongnan Jin , Jie Min , Yili Hong , Pang Du , Qingyu Yang

This work presents an unsupervised deep discriminant analysis for clustering. The method is based on deep neural networks and aims to minimize the intra-cluster discrepancy and maximize the inter-cluster discrepancy in an unsupervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Jinyu Cai , Wenzhong Guo , Jicong Fan

Clustering high-dimensional data is a critical challenge in machine learning due to the curse of dimensionality and the presence of noise. Traditional clustering algorithms often fail to capture the intrinsic structures in such data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Joanikij Chulev , Angela Mladenovska

While clustering is ubiquitously used across science and industry, uncertainty in cluster assignments is rarely quantified with rigorous guarantees. We propose a novel conformal inference framework for clustering that returns confidence…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-13 YoonHaeng Hur , Anirban Nath , Genevera Allen

Heterogeneous data, which encompass both numerical financial variables and textual records, present substantial challenges for credit monitoring. To address this issue, we propose Advanced Spectral Clustering (ASC), a method that integrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Lu Han , Mengyan Li , Jiping Qiang , Zhi Su

Deep clustering - joint representation learning and latent space clustering - is a well studied problem especially in computer vision and text processing under the deep learning framework. While the representation learning is generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bishwajit Saha , Dmitry Krotov , Mohammed J. Zaki , Parikshit Ram

This paper presents a parallel adaptive clustering (PAC) algorithm to automatically classify data while simultaneously choosing a suitable number of classes. Clustering is an important tool for data analysis and understanding in a broad set…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Benjamin McLaughlin , Sung Ha Kang