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Decentralized Finance (DeFi) took shape in 2020. An unprecedented amount of over 14 billion USD moved into DeFi projects offering trading, loans and insurance. But its growth has also drawn the attention of malicious actors. Many projects…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Kris Oosthoek

Ethereum and its standardized token interface have formed decentralized finance (DeFi), an open financial system based on blockchain smart contracts. The DeFi ecosystem has become richer with the introduction of DeFi composability projects,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-05 HyoungSung Kim , Hyun-Sik Kim , Yong-Suk Park

The meteoric rise of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has been accompanied by a plethora of frequent and often financially devastating attacks on its protocols There have been over 70 exploits of DeFi protocols, with the total of lost funds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Daniel Perez , Lewis Gudgeon

The NFT ecosystem represents an interconnected, decentralized environment that encompasses the creation, distribution, and trading of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), where key actors, such as marketplaces, sellers, and buyers, utilize smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yujing Chen , Xuanming Liu , Zhiyuan Wan , Zuobin Wang , David Lo , Difan Xie , Xiaohu Yang

Decentralized finance (DeFi) markets spread across Layer-1 (L1) and Layer-2 (L2) blockchains rely on arbitrage to keep prices aligned. Today most price gaps are closed against centralized exchanges (CEXes), whose deep liquidity and fast…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Burak Öz , Christof Ferreira Torres , Christoph Schlegel , Bruno Mazorra , Jonas Gebele , Filip Rezabek , Florian Matthes

The advent of smart contracts has enabled the rapid rise of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) on the Ethereum blockchain, offering substantial rewards in financial innovation and inclusivity. This growth, however, is accompanied by significant…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shabnam Fazliani , Mohammad Mowlavi Sorond , Arsalan Masoudifard

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as a decentralized proof of ownership represent one of the main reasons why Ethereum is a disruptive technology. This paper presents the first systematic study of the interactions occurring in a number of NFT…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-10-26 S. Casale-Brunet , P. Ribeca , P. Doyle , M. Mattavelli

Internet of Things (IoT) data are increasingly viewed as a new form of massively distributed and large scale digital assets, which are continuously generated by millions of connected devices. The real value of such assets can only be…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Paolo Missier , Shaimaa Bajoudah , Angelo Capossele , Andrea Gaglione , Michele Nati

We analyze the token transfer network on Ethereum, focusing on accounts associated with Alameda Research, a cryptocurrency trading firm implicated in the misuse of FTX customer funds. Using a multi-token network representation, we examine…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Célestin Coquidé , Rémy Cazabet , Natkamon Tovanich

The Internet of Value (IOV) with its distributed ledger technology (DLT) underpinning has created new forms of lending markets. As an integral part of the decentralised finance (DeFi) ecosystem, lending protocols are gaining tremendous…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Jiahua Xu , Nikhil Vadgama

Smart contracts govern billions of dollars in decentralized finance (DeFi), yet automated vulnerability detection remains challenging because many vulnerabilities are tightly coupled with project-specific business logic. We observe that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ziqiao Kong , Wanxu Xia , Chong Wang , Yi Lu , Pan Li , Shaohua Li , Zong Cao , Yang Liu

Smart contracts are increasingly being used to manage large numbers of high-value cryptocurrency accounts. There is a strong demand for automated, efficient, and comprehensive methods to detect security vulnerabilities in a given contract.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Michael Rodler , David Paaßen , Wenting Li , Lukas Bernhard , Thorsten Holz , Ghassan Karame , Lucas Davi

This paper presents a pioneering approach for simulation of economic activity, policy implementation, and pricing of goods in token economies. The paper proposes a formal analysis framework for wealth distribution analysis and simulation of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-01-17 Rem Sadykhov , Geoffrey Goodell , Denis de Montigny , Martin Schoernig , Philip Treleaven

In Ethereum, private transactions, a specialized transaction type employed to evade public Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network broadcasting, remain largely unexplored, particularly in the context of the transition from Proof-of-Work (PoW) to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Xingyu Lyu , Mengya Zhang , Xiaokuan Zhang , Jianyu Niu , Yinqian Zhang , Zhiqiang Lin

Smart contracts hold digital coins worth billions of dollars, their security issues have drawn extensive attention in the past years. Towards smart contract vulnerability detection, conventional methods heavily rely on fixed expert rules,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-18 Zhenguang Liu , Peng Qian , Xiang Wang , Lei Zhu , Qinming He , Shouling Ji

Decentralized finance (DeFi) lacks centralized oversight, often resulting in heightened volatility. In contrast, centralized finance (CeFi) offers a more stable environment with institutional safeguards. Institutional backing can play a…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-12-23 Ihlas Sovbetov

Traditional blockchain design gives miners or validators full control over transaction ordering, i.e., they can freely choose which transactions to include or exclude, as well as in which order. While not an issue initially, the emergence…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Andrei Constantinescu , Diana Ghinea , Lioba Heimbach , Zilin Wang , Roger Wattenhofer

In traditional banking, repeated deposit-and-lend cycles let a single dollar of reserves support multiple dollars of claims. Decentralized finance produces an analogous structure with tokens. Constructing a Token Graph of 10,200 tokens…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-31 Wenbin Wu

Distributed ledger technologies have opened up a wealth of fine-grained transaction data from cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. This allows research into problems like anomaly detection, anti-money laundering, pattern mining and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Naomi A. Arnold , Peijie Zhong , Cheick Tidiane Ba , Ben Steer , Raul Mondragon , Felix Cuadrado , Renaud Lambiotte , Richard G. Clegg

Bitcoin (BTC) is probably the most transparent payment network in the world, thanks to the full history of transactions available to the public. Though, Bitcoin is not a fully anonymous environment, rather a pseudonymous one, accounting for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Maurantonio Caprolu , Matteo Pontecorvi , Matteo Signorini , Carlos Segarra , Roberto Di Pietro
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