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Gradient estimation is a central challenge in training parameterized quantum circuits (PQCs) for hybrid quantum-classical optimization and learning problems. This difficulty arises from several factors, including the exponential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Mohsen Heidari , Masih Mozakka , Wojciech Szpankowski

The classification of big data usually requires a mapping onto new data clusters which can then be processed by machine learning algorithms by means of more efficient and feasible linear separators. Recently, Lloyd et al. have advanced the…

The architecture of circuital quantum computers requires computing layers devoted to compiling high-level quantum algorithms into lower-level circuits of quantum gates. The general problem of quantum compiling is to approximate any unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 Lorenzo Moro , Matteo G. A. Paris , Marcello Restelli , Enrico Prati

We give three new algorithms for efficient in-place estimation, without using ancilla qubits, of average fidelity of a quantum logic gate acting on a d-dimensional system using much fewer random bits than what was known so far. Previous…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-23 Aditya Nema , Pranab Sen

Machine Learning with deep neural networks has transformed computational approaches to scientific and engineering problems. Central to many of these advancements are precisely tuned neural architectures that are tailored to the domains in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-23 Mathias Weiden , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Costin Iancu

Several classes of quantum circuits have been shown to provide a quantum computational advantage under certain assumptions. The study of ever more restricted classes of quantum circuits capable of quantum advantage is motivated by possible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Michael de Oliveira , Luís S. Barbosa , Ernesto F. Galvão

The conflict between trainability and expressibility is a key challenge in variational quantum computing and quantum machine learning. Resolving this conflict necessitates designing specific quantum neural networks (QNN) tailored for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Hao-Kai Zhang , Chenghong Zhu , Xin Wang

To address the challenge posed by noise in real quantum devices, quantum error mitigation techniques play a crucial role. These techniques are resource-efficient, making them suitable for implementation in noisy intermediate-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-26 Jordi Pérez-Guijarro , Alba Pagès-Zamora , Javier R. Fonollosa

We report on a gate-based variational quantum classifier implemented with single photons and probabilistic gates, to emulate the standard quantum circuit model framework. We evaluate the expressive power of two deployable quantum neural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Solomon McKiernan , Luca Sapienza

We investigate the amount of noise required to turn a universal quantum gate set into one that can be efficiently modelled classically. This question is useful for providing upper bounds on fault tolerant thresholds, and for understanding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Virmani , Susana F. Huelga , Martin B. Plenio

While thousands of experimental physicists and chemists are currently trying to build scalable quantum computers, it appears that simulation of quantum computation will be at least as critical as circuit simulation in classical VLSI design.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 George F. Viamontes , Manoj Rajagopalan , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

Given a dataset of input states, measurements, and probabilities, is it possible to efficiently predict the measurement probabilities associated with a quantum circuit? Recent work of Caro and Datta (2020) studied the problem of PAC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Daniel Liang

There is currently a large interest in understanding the potential advantages quantum devices can offer for probabilistic modelling. In this work we investigate, within two different oracle models, the probably approximately correct (PAC)…

Accurate methods of assessing the performance of quantum gates are extremely important. Quantum process tomography and randomized benchmarking are the current favored methods. Quantum process tomography gives detailed information, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Austin G. Fowler , D. Sank , J. Kelly , R. Barends , John M. Martinis

Quantum computing carries significant potential for addressing practical problems. However, currently available quantum devices suffer from noisy quantum gates, which degrade the fidelity of executed quantum circuits. Therefore, quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ji Liu , Alvin Gonzales , Benchen Huang , Zain Hamid Saleem , Paul Hovland

Feedback-based quantum algorithms (FQAs) operate by iteratively growing a quantum circuit to optimize a given task. At each step, feedback from qubit measurements is used to inform the next quantum circuit update. In practice, the sampling…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Vicente Peña Pérez , Matthew D. Grace , Christian Arenz , Alicia B. Magann

Classical machine learning often struggles with complex, high-dimensional data. Quantum machine learning offers a potential solution, promising more efficient processing. The quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN), a hybrid algorithm,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo

We present the first computationally-efficient algorithm for average-case learning of shallow quantum circuits with many-qubit gates. Specifically, we provide a quasi-polynomial time and sample complexity algorithm for learning unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Francisca Vasconcelos , Hsin-Yuan Huang

Digital quantum simulation is a promising application for quantum computers. Their free programmability provides the potential to simulate the unitary evolution of any many-body Hamiltonian with bounded spectrum by discretizing the time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-15 Adrien Bolens , Markus Heyl

The number of parameters describing a quantum state is well known to grow exponentially with the number of particles. This scaling clearly limits our ability to do tomography to systems with no more than a few qubits and has been used to…