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Intermediate-scale quantum devices are becoming more reliable, and may soon be harnessed to solve useful computational tasks. At the same time, common classical methods used to verify their computational output become intractable due to a…
Quantum computing is an emerging technology, promising a paradigm shift in computing, and allowing for speedups in many different problems. However, quantum devices are still in their early stages, most with only a small number qubits. This…
This topical review introduces the theoretical and experimental advances in continuous-variable (CV) --- i.e., qumode-based in lieu of qubit-based --- large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computing and quantum simulation. An introduction to…
Quantum mechanics, the fundamental theory that governs the behaviour of matter and energy at microscopic scales, forms the foundation of quantum computing and quantum information science. As quantum technologies progress, software engineers…
Solving quantum molecular systems presents a significant challenge for classical computation. The advent of early fault-tolerant quantum computing (EFTQC) devices offers a promising avenue to address these challenges, leveraging advanced…
Quantum simulation is a potentially powerful application of quantum computing, holding the promise to be able to emulate interesting quantum systems beyond the reach of classical computing methods. Despite such promising applications, and…
Quantum computing (QC) is a new paradigm offering the potential of exponential speedups over classical computing for certain computational problems. Each additional qubit doubles the size of the computational state space available to a QC…
We present a concise but complete conceptual treatment of quantum computing implemented with Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (CQED. The paper is intended as a brief overview for professionals who are coming over to the field from other areas…
Significant challenges remain with the development of macroscopic quantum computing, hardware problems of noise, decoherence, and scaling, software problems of error correction, and, most important, algorithm construction. Finding truly…
The emerging field of quantum computing has shown it might change how we process information by using the unique principles of quantum mechanics. As researchers continue to push the boundaries of quantum technologies to unprecedented…
Quantum measurements, alongside quantum states and processes, form a cornerstone of quantum information processing. However, unlike states and processes, their efficient characterisation remains relatively unexplored. We resolve this…
Quantum processors are now able to run quantum circuits that are infeasible to simulate classically, creating a need for benchmarks that assess a quantum processor's rate of errors when running these circuits. Here, we introduce a general…
Quantum computers have now surpassed classical simulation limits, yet noise continues to limit their practical utility. As the field shifts from proof-of-principle demonstrations to early deployments, there is no standard method for…
This research paper gives an overview of quantum computers - description of their operation, differences between quantum and silicon computers, major construction problems of a quantum computer and many other basic aspects. No special…
Benchmarking and establishing proper statistical validation metrics for reinforcement learning (RL) remain ongoing challenges, where no consensus has been established yet. The emergence of quantum computing and its potential applications in…
We introduce a single-number metric, quantum volume, that can be measured using a concrete protocol on near-term quantum computers of modest size ($n\lesssim 50$), and measure it on several state-of-the-art transmon devices, finding values…
Quantum computing and quantum sensing represent two distinct frontiers of quantum information science. In this work, we harness quantum computing to solve a fundamental and practically important sensing problem: the detection of weak…
Machine learning has achieved dramatic success in a broad spectrum of applications. Its interplay with quantum physics may lead to unprecedented perspectives for both fundamental research and commercial applications, giving rise to an…
Various benchmarking metrics have been developed to quantify the performance of quantum computing hardware and help evaluate development. However, it is not always necessary to know the metric values precisely. This is especially true for…
Quantum phenomena offer the possibility of measuring physical quantities with precision beyond classical limits. However, current progress is constrained by scalability, environmental noise, and challenges in practical integration. This…