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Most meteorites are fragments from recent collisions experienced in the asteroid belt. In such a hyper-velocity collision, the smaller collision partner is destroyed, whereas a crater on the asteroid is formed or it is entirely disrupted,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-15 Eike Beitz , Jürgen Blum , M. Gabriela Parisi , Josep M. Trigo-Rodríguez

The organization of the orbits of most minor bodies in the Solar system seems to follow random patterns, the result of billions of years of chaotic dynamical evolution. Much as heterogeneous orbital behaviour is ubiquitous, dynamically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-08 C. de la Fuente Marcos , R. de la Fuente Marcos

We describe calculations of the evolution of an ensemble of small planetesimals in the outer solar system. In a solar nebula with a mass of several times the Minimum Mass Solar Nebula, objects with radii of 100-1000 km can form on…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Scott J. Kenyon , Jane X. Luu

Small planets, 1-4x the size of Earth, are extremely common around Sun-like stars, and surprisingly so, as they are missing in our solar system. Recent detections have yielded enough information about this class of exoplanets to begin…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Geoffrey W. Marcy , Lauren M. Weiss , Erik A. Petigura , Howard Isaacson , Andrew W. Howard , Lars A. Buchhave

Chondrite meteorites are believed to represent the building blocks of the solar nebula, out of which our solar system formed. They are a mixture of silicate and oxide objects (chondrules and refractory inclusions) that experienced extremely…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-19 Raquel Salmeron , Trevor Ireland

The majority of gas giants (planets of masses $\gtrsim10^2 M_\oplus$) are found to reside at distances beyond $\sim1$ au from their host stars. Within 1 au, the planetary population is dominated by super-Earths of $2-20 M_\oplus$. We show…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-13 Jeffrey Fung , Eve Lee

The Oort cloud is usually thought of as a collection of icy comets inhabiting the outer reaches of the Solar system, but this picture is incomplete. We use simulations of the formation of the Oort cloud to show that ~4% of the small bodies…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Andrew Shannon , Alan P. Jackson , Dimitri Veras , Mark Wyatt

In part I, using an effective computational approach, we have reconstructed the population of dust sources between Jupiter and Neptune. Here, in part II, we present the results on distribution of dust produced by 157 real sources (100…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nikolai N. Gor'kavyi , Leonid M. Ozernoy , Tatiana Taidakova

Chondritic meteorites, the building blocks of terrestrial planets, are made of an out-of-equilibrium assemblage of solids formed at high and low temperatures, either in our Solar system or previous generations of stars. This was considered…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-14 Francesco C. Pignatale , Sébastien Charnoz , Marc Chaussidon , Emmanuel Jacquet

Via joint analysis of a calibrated telescopic survey, which found scattering Kuiper Belt objects, and models of their expected orbital distribution, we measure the form of the scattering object's size distribution. Ruling out a single…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-01 C. Shankman , B. Gladman , N. Kaib , J. J. Kavelaars , J. -M. Petit

The short period Jupiter family comets (JFCs) are thought to originate in the Kuiper Belt; specifically, a dynamical subclass of the Kuiper Belt known as the `scattered disk' is argued to be the dominant source of JFCs. However, the best…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kathryn Volk , Renu Malhotra

We present results from SEPPCoN, an on-going Survey of the Ensemble Physical Properties of Cometary Nuclei. In this report we discuss mid-infrared measurements of the thermal emission from 89 nuclei of Jupiter-family comets (JFCs). All data…

High levels of dust have been detected in the immediate vicinity of many stars, both young and old. A promising scenario to explain the presence of this short-lived dust is that these analogues to the Zodiacal cloud (or exozodis) are…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-08 Virginie Faramaz , Steve Ertel , Mark Booth , Jorge Cuadra , Charlotte Simmonds

To understand giant planet formation, we need to focus on host stars close to $1.7\ \rm M_{\odot}$, where the occurrence rate of these planets is the highest. In this initial study, we carry out pebble-driven core accretion planet formation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-30 Heather Johnston , Olja Panic , Beibei Liu

The physics of planet formation is investigated using a population synthesis approach. We develop a simple model for planetary growth including pebble and gas accretion, and orbital migration in an evolving protoplanetary disk. The model is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-10 John Chambers

Collisions are one of the key processes shaping planetary systems. Asteroid families are outcomes of such collisions still identifiable across our solar system. The families provide a unique view of catastrophic disruption phenomena and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-25 Bojan Novakovic , David Vokrouhlicky , Federica Spoto , David Nesvorny

The presence of distant protoplanets may explain the observed gaps in the dust emission of protoplanetary disks. Here, we derive a novel analytical model to describe the temporal decay of the pebble flux through a protoplanetary disk as the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 Nerea Gurrutxaga , Anders Johansen , Michiel Lambrechts , Johan Appelgren

Cometary dust particles are best preserved remnants of the matter present at the onset of the formation of the Solar System. Space missions, telescopic observations and laboratory analyses advanced the knowledge on the properties of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-08 Cecile Engrand , Jérémie Lasue , Diane H. Wooden , Mike E. Zolensky

In the core accretion scenario of planet formation, rocky cores grow by first accreting solids until they are massive enough to accrete gas. For giant planet formation this means that a massive core must form within the lifetime of the gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-21 Andrin Kessler , Yann Alibert

The terrestrial planets and the asteroids dominant in the inner asteroid belt are water poor. However, in the protoplanetary disk the temperature should have decreased below water condensation level well before the disk was photoevaporated.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 A. Morbidelli , B. Bitsch , A. Crida , M. Gounelle , T. Guillot , S. Jacobson , A. Johansen , M. Lambrechts , E. Lega
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